Phalaris hispida Thunb., FL Jap. 44, 1784.
Arthraxon hispidus Makino subsp. ciliaris (Beauv.) Masamune & Yamamoto in Trans. Nat. Hist Soc. Form, 31: 326. 1941.
Annuals; culms weak, ascending and rooting at lower nodes. Ligule membranous, about 7 mm long, ciliated; leaves amplexicaudal, cordate at base. Inflorescence of weak 3-9 digitate racemes; rachis 2/3 as long as the spikelet; pedicelled spikelet reduced to a 0.5 mm long pedicel. Sessile spikelets lanceolate, about 3.8 mm long, compressed; lower glume coriaceous, papillate, 5-7-nerved, the nerves hispidulous, as long as the spikelet; upper glume papery, margins membranous, 1-nerved, as long as the lower glume; lower lemma lanceolate, palea wanting; upper floret awned, about 2.5 mm long, lemma hyaline, bifid at the apex, awn about 0.7 mm long, arising from near the base; palea hyaline, about 2 mm long. Caryopsis slender, about 1.8 mm long.
TAIPEI: Shihlin, Hsu 1395; Taipei, Hsu 215; Hsiaokotou, Hsu 6S25*. HSINCHU: Shimda 401B. MIAOLI: Dahkuann, Hsu 576. NANTOU: Sun Moon Lake, Hsu 1325. CHIAYI:
Mt. Alishan, Sasaki s n. Oct. 1928. TAITUNG: Chaopu, Hsu 1084; Botel Tobago, Sasaki s. n. June 3, 1926, Kuoh 2677; Green Island, Hsu 306.
Distributed in the Caucasus, India, China and Japan.
This is a very common grass in Taiwan.
midrib 中肋: (sm)small:with one vascular bundle
leaf surface 表面: (fla)flat surface
sclerenchyma 厚壁組織: (bIgir)on both sides of some veins as I-shaped girder
chlorenchyma 葉綠組織: (radia)cells radiate and lesser than bundle sheath cell in width, distinctive cells presented 特異細胞
bundle sheath 維管束鞘: (sk)single bundle sheath with conspicuous chloroplast
buliform cells not well developed 泡狀細胞不發達: (smreg)epidermal cells gradually enlarge from vein to intervein
chlorenchyma cell number between two adjacent veins: 2
chloroplast form in bundle sheath 束鞘細胞內之葉綠體型式: (out)large amount and in centrifugal site
mestome sheath 內束鞘細胞: (Xyms -)metaxylem pole adjacent with outer bundle sheath
distance between two adjancent vein 脈間距: 70 micrometer
length/weidth ratio of bundle sheath in LS 束鞘細胞縱面長寬比: 3
chlorenchyma cell shape in LS 葉綠細胞縱面形狀: lobed
