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FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 8 | Saxifragaceae | Saxifraga

4. Saxifraga sect. Ciliatae Haworth, Misc. Nat. 160. 1803.

山羊臭组 shan yang xiu zu

Hirculus Haworth.

Herbs mostly perennial, some possibly annual, biennial, or monocarpic perennial (suspected rather than demonstrated), forming erect individuals, cespitose clumps, cushions, or sprawling mats, lacking basal bulbils. Leaves alternate, very rarely opposite, petiolate or not; leaf blade herbaceous or carnose, lacking chalk glands and crystals, margin usually entire, occasionally toothed or lobed. Flowering stem usually leafy; inflorescence cymose or flower solitary. Flowers sometimes unisexual, actinomorphic, 5-merous. Petals usually yellow or orange, occasionally white, pink, or red, sometimes spotted orange, red, or purple, very often with callosities. Filaments subulate to linear; pollen 3-nucleate, exine tectum finely striate. Carpels connate for most of placental region, dehiscing distally in fruit; ovary subsuperior to subinferior. Integuments 2.

About 175 species: Asia, Europe, North America, mainly in arctic and montane regions; 166 species (112 endemic) in China.


Key 3

1 Margin of petals brown crisped villous   89 S. ciliatopetala
+ Margin of petals glabrous.   (2)
       
2 (1) Basal leaves absent at anthesis.   (3)
+ Basal leaves present at anthesis.   (4)
       
3 (2) Inflorescence a compact cyme of several flowers   91 S. congestiflora
+ Inflorescence 1-flowered   96 S. nangqenica
       
4 (2) Basal leaves brown crisped villous adaxially.   (5)
+ Basal leaves glabrous adaxially.   (9)
       
5 (4) Petals purple, at least 1.2 cm   95 S. bergenioides
+ Petals yellow, to 1 cm.   (6)
       
6 (5) Apex of basal leaves long aristate   101 S. gongshanensis
+ Apex of basal leaves obtuse to acute.   (7)
       
7 (6) Sepals glabrous abaxially   97 S. hirculoides
+ Sepals pubescent abaxially.   (8)
       
8 (7) Margin of sepals densely brown crisped villous   86 S. sinomontana
+ Margin of sepals glandular pilose   87 S. isophylla
       
9 (4) Apex of basal leaves aristate, sometimes 3-aristate.   (10)
+ Apex of basal leaves obtuse or acute.   (12)
       
10 (9) Petals 1.5-2.5 mm   104 S. culcitosa
+ Petals 4-6 mm.   (11)
       
11 (10) Plants to 2 cm tall; apex of some basal leaves 3-aristate   102 S. triaristulata
+ Plants 4-9 cm tall; apex of basal leaves acute or 1-aristate   79 S. aristulata
       
12 (9) Rosette leaves without a well-defined petiole, blade linear-oblong, to 1 mm wide   103 S. saginoides
+ Rosette leaves petiolate, blade narrowly elliptic to ovate or lanceolate, more than 1 mm wide.   (13)
       
13 (12) Ovary with a conspicuous, annular nectary disc; petals purple abaxially, yellow adaxially.   (14)
+ Ovary without a conspicuous nectary disc; petals yellow on both surfaces.   (16)
       
14 (13) Inflorescence 1-flowered   94 S. tibetica
+ Inflorescence 2- or more flowered.   (15)
       
15 (14) Sepals erect at anthesis, later reflexed; inflorescence usually more than 8-flowered   92 S. tangutica
+ Sepals reflexed by anthesis; inflorescence 2-6-flowered   93 S. przewalskii
       
16 (13) Margin of sepals glabrous or glandular pilose.   (17)
+ Margin of sepals brown crisped villous.   (18)
       
17 (16) Margin of sepals densely glandular ciliate; petals to 6.4 mm   100 S. parva
+ Margin of sepals glabrous or sparsely glandular ciliate; petals more than 6 mm   98 S. elliptica
       
18 (16) Sepals reflexed at anthesis   88 S. hirculus
+ Sepals erect to spreading at anthesis.   (19)
       
19 (18) Petals abaxially and marginally brown crisped villous proximally   99 S. montanella
+ Petals abaxially and marginally glabrous.   (20)
       
20 (19) Margin of sepals densely brown crisped villous; inflorescence often several flowered   86 S. sinomontana
+ Margin of sepals sparsely brown crisped villous; inflorescence often 1-flowered   90 S. heleonastes

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