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Calyceraceae R. Brown ex Richard
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habit
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herbaceous plants
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important diagnostics
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spiny stems or leaves
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distribution
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South American
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leaf: position
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alternate
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leaf: nature
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not compound
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leaf: venation
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pinnate or hardly visible in leaves or leaflets.
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margin
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with entire margin, lobed or divided, dentate
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leaf: stipules
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absent
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inflorescence
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head
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flower: sexuality
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bisexual, unisexual
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flower: symmetry
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actinomorphic, zygomorphic or irregular
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flower: receptacle
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enlarged, completely united with the ovary, totally or partially covering it
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flower: disc
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absent
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flower: perianth number
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7+
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flower: perianth nature
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perianth of calyx and corolla
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flower: sepal number
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4, 5, 6+
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flower: sepal position
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connate
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flower: sepal nature
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sepals valvate
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flower: petal number
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4, 5, 6
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flower: petal position
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petals connate
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flower: petal nature
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petals valvate
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stamen: number
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4, 5, 6
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stamen: anthers
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basifixed, introrse, opening by longitudinal slits
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stamen: filaments
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inserted on the corolla, not connate, connate into 1 tube or bundle
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pistil: style
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style 1, or styles more or less connate
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pistil: carpel
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1, 2
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pistil: ovary
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1-locular
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pistil: ovule
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1 in each loculus
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pistil
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carpels free from each other or carpel 1, ovules axile, carpels connate, ovules attached to the central axis or ventrally in apocarpae, ovules attached to the apex of the ovary
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fruit: type
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a nut
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fruit: seed
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3+ seeds
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seed: embryo
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straight
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seed: endosperm
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seeds with endosperm
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