8. Resedaceae Martinov
Santiago Martín-Bravo, Gordon C. Tucker, Thomas F. Daniel
Herbs [shrubs], annual, biennial, or perennial; usually glabrous, sometimes puberulent (producing glucosinolates). Stems erect or ascending; unbranched or branched. Leaves cauline and sometimes basal; rosulate or not; alternate, sometimes fasciculate, simple; venation pinnate; stipules present (modified into glands, interpetiolar, distinct); petiole present; blade (sometimes pinnately lobed, base somewhat decurrent on petioles) margins entire, pinnatisect, or with 1-2 hyaline teeth. Inflorescences usually terminal, sometimes axillary, racemes or spikes; bracts present. Pedicels present or absent. Flowers bisexual [unisexual or polygamous], ± zygomorphic (almost actinomorphic); perianth and androecium hypogynous [rarely perigynous]; sepals persistent or deciduous, 2-6[-8], distinct or basally connate, equal or unequal, margins usually hyaline; petals [0-]2-6(-8), imbricate, distinct or connate, rotate, attached to receptacle, heteromorphic, lateral and abaxial (anterior) usually progressively smaller, adaxial (superior) ones larger, clawed, margins entire or incised; intrastaminal nectary-discs present or absent, asymmetrical, simple [double]; stamens 3-40 (adaxial ones shorter); filaments persistent or deciduous, distinct or basally connate, glabrous or scaberulous; anthers dehiscing by longitudinal slits, introrse, tetrasporangiate (pollen shed as single grain), binucleate, commonly 3-aperturate, colpate or colporate; pistils [2-]3-4[-6(-8)], connate [distinct or basally connate] (± open apically), each with an apical tooth (style and stigma) containing stigmatic tissue; ovary [2 or] 3 or 4 [6(-8)]; (placentation parietal [basal-axial or marginal], placenta usually entire, sometimes apically forked; ovules 1-many per locule, campylotropous, bitegmic. Fruits capsules [sometimes free carpidia], valvate [fleshy], cylindric, ovoid-oblong, subglobose, or ovoid, ± open apically; gynophore present (sometimes minute, hidden by surrounding disc). Seeds 3-ca. 30, brownish or dark brown to black, reniform, papillose, rugose, or smooth; not arillate; endosperm scanty or none; cotyledons incumbent.
Genera 6, species ca. 85 (2 genera, 5 species in the flora): North America, n Mexico, Europe, sw, c Asia, n, s Africa, Atlantic Islands; temperate and subtropical regions; introduced in c Mexico, South America, Australia.
SELECTED REFERENCES Abdallah, M. S. and H. C. D. de Wit. 1978. The Resedaceae: A taxonomical revision of the family (final installment). Meded. Landbouwhoogeschool 78. Bolle, F. 1936. Resedaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. ....., ed. 2. 26+ vols. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 17b, pp. 659-693. Carlquist, S. 1998b. Wood anatomy of Resedaceae. Aliso 16: 127-135. Edmonson, J. R. 1993. Resedaceae. In: T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 1993+. Flora Europaea, ed. 2. Cambridge and New York Vol. 1, pp. 417-420. El Naggar, S. M. 2002. Taxonomic significance of pollen morphology in some taxa of Resedaceae. Feddes Repert. 113: 518-527. González Aguilera, J. J. and A. M. Fernández Peralta. 1984. Phylogenetic relationships in the family Resedaceae. Genetica 64: 185-197. Hennig, L. 1929. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Resedaceen—Blüte und Frucht. Planta 9: 507-563. Kubitzky, K. 2003. Resedaceae. In: K. Kubitzky et al., eds. 1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 9+ vols. Berlin etc. Vol. 5, pp. 334-338. Martín-Bravo, S. et al. 2007. Molecular systematics and biogeography of Resedaceae based on ITS and trnL-F sequences. Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 44: 1105-1120. Mitra, K. and S. N. Mitra. 1979. Pollen morphology in relation to taxonomy and geography of Resedaceae. Bull. Bot. Surv. India 18: 194-202. Sobick, U. 1983. Blutenentwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen an Resedaceen unter besonderer Berucksichtigung von Androeceum und Gynoeceum. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 104: 203-248. Weberling, F. 1968. Über die Rudimentärstipeln der Resedaceae. Acta Bot. Neerl. 17: 360-372.
