105. Hesperevax (A. Gray) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 7: 356. 1868.
[Greek hesperos, western, and genus name Evax, alluding to first discoveries from western limits of Evax distribution]
James D. Morefield
Evax Gaertner sect. Hesperevax A. Gray in War Department [U.S.], Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 101. 1857
Annuals, 0.5–10(–20) cm. Stems 0, or 1, ± erect, or 2–10, ascending-erect to prostrate. Leaves basal or cauline; alternate (leaf or petiole bases yellowish, enlarged); blades oblanceolate to ± round. Heads usually in loose to dense glomerules of 2–40+ in cymiform or spiciform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Involucres 0. Phyllaries 0 or vestigial. Receptacles proximally conic, distally cylindric or slightly expanded (heights 0.8–1.3 or 4–6 times diams.), bristly (bristle lengths ± 1/2 palea lengths). Pistillate paleae persistent, erect to ascending or spreading; bodies with 5+ nerves (nerves ± parallel, obscure), obovate to oblanceolate, not gibbous, flat to concave or loosely folded most of lengths (almost closed near bases, not enclosing florets); wings 0. Staminate paleae persistent, usually 5, erect or distally spreading (and enlarged, thickened) in fruit, shorter than or surpassing pistillate paleae; bodies obovate (apices entire, blunt, adaxially green and lanuginose). Pistillate florets 3–25. Functionally staminate florets 2–6(–12); corolla (zygomorphic, ± gibbous) lobes (3–)4(–5), unequal. Bisexual florets 0. Cypselae brown, proximally black-banded, monomorphic: obcompressed, obovoid (somewhat angular), slightly incurved, not gibbous, faces glabrous, smooth, dull to ± shiny; corolla scars apical; pappi 0.
Species 3 (3 in the flora): sw United States.
See discussion of Filagininae following tribal description (p. 385).
Hesperevax is known from sites in Mediterranean climates of western California and southwestern Oregon. Most of its taxa grow in distinctive habitats, where they tolerate or exploit moderate levels of disturbance.
Hesperevax is monophyletic and probably sister to Ancistrocarphus; Gifolaria (Cosson & Kralik) Pomel may also be related (J. D. Morefield 1992). Hesperevax is sharply distinct from Evax and relatives by receptacles bristly (unique in Filagininae), staminate paleae enlarged, thickened, apices erect or spreading, blunt, adaxially green and lanuginose, and staminate corollas zygomorphic (Morefield 1992c). The species are relatively easy to distinguish by the sizes, shapes, and arrangements of leaves, glomerules, and heads.
SELECTED REFERENCE
Morefield, J. D. 1992c. Resurrection and revision of Hesperevax (Asteraceae: Inuleae). Syst. Bot. 17: 293–310.
