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15. Pseudotaxiphyllum Z. Iwatsuki, J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 63: 448, figs. 1e-h, 2c,d. 1987. • [Greek pseudos, false, and genus Taxiphyllum].
Robertr. Ireland Jr.
Plants medium-sized, in thin to dense mats, dark or light green to yellowish, glossy. Stems creeping, simple or sparingly and irregularly branched; hyalodermis absent, central strand sometimes present; pseudoparaphyllia absent. Stem and branch leaves similar, erect-spreading to squarrose, lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, , smooth or undulate, not plicate; base not decurrent; margins plane or narrowly recurved basally, serrate to entire; apex acute to acuminate; costa double and short or ecostate; alar cells not differentiated or quadrate to short-rectangular; laminal cells smooth or distal cells sometimes prorulose at distal ends on abaxial surface; . Specialized asexual reproduction by multicellular bodies sometimes present in clusters at stem apices or below in leaf axils. Sexual condition dioicous or autoicous, usually sterile; perichaetial leaves small, lanceolate to ovate, apex acuminate to abruptly filiform-acuminate. Seta yellow, red, reddish brown, or dark red. Capsule erect to pendulous, ellipsoid to ovoid, straight to subarcuate, contracted below mouth and wrinkled at neck when dry; annulus 2- or 3-seriate, deciduous; operculum conic to short-rostrate; peristome double; exostome teeth with external surface cross striolate proximally, papillose distally; endostome basal membrane high to low, segments keeled, cilia shorter than segments, in groups of 1-3. Calyptra naked. Spores spheric to ovoid, minutely papillose.
Species 10 (3 in the flora): North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa.
Pseudotaxiphyllum occurs in terrestrial habitats in temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions. The stems have small, thick-walled cortical cells; the smooth rhizoids arise in clusters below the leaf insertions. Perigonia are found along the stems, and perichaetia at the base; the setae are twisted; the capsules are dark brown to dark red and sometimes wrinkled; and the exostome teeth are bordered and internally trabeculate.
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| 1 |
Leaves upturned-homomallous; medial laminal cells 5-9 µm wide; propagula absent. |
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1 Pseudotaxiphyllum homomallifolium |
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Leaves not upturned-homomallous; medial laminal cells 4-7 µm wide; propagula present |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves asymmetric, cultriform; propagula clustered in leaf axils at or near stem apices, twisted-vermiform, with 1-5 acute teeth at apices. |
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2 Pseudotaxiphyllum distichaceum |
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Leaves symmetric; propagula clustered in leaf axils below stem apices, not twisted-vermiform, resembling parent plant only smaller, bearing reduced leaves from apex to base of propagula. |
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3 Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans |
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Lower Taxa
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