Inflorescences simple, with occasional branch from near base of flower; secondary branches usually absent.

Flowering and fruiting early spring. Open woods, meadows, and hillsides; 0--500 m; St. Pierre and Miquelon; Alta., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que.; Ark., Conn., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.