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FNA | Family List | FNA Vol. 26 | Liliaceae | Zigadenus

3. Zigadenus venenosus S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 14: 279. 1879 (as Zygadenus).

Toxicoscordion venenosum (S. Watson) Rydberg

Plants 2–7 dm, from bulbs; bulbs not clumped, tunicate, ovoid, 10–30 × 8–20 mm. Leaves: proximal blades 12–50 cm × 2–10 mm. Inflorescences racemose or paniculate with 1 or 2 basal branches, 10–50-flowered, terminal raceme pyramidal in anthesis, 2–20 × 2–5 cm, branches (if any) 1/10–1/3 length of entire inflorescence, diverging from main axis at 10°–60° when in fruit. Flowers: perianth hy-pogynous, campanulate, 5–10 mm diam.; tepals persistent in fruit, cream colored, 2–5 × 1–3 mm, outer often clawed, apex usually acute; gland 1, obovate, distal margins evident to obscure, irregular; filaments straight, usually equaling tepals, occasionally longer, thickened proximally; pedicel usually ascending in fruit, occasionally perpendicular to stem, 3–25 mm, bracts usually green, sometimes white, 5–25 mm. Capsules 8–20 × 4–7 mm. 2n = 22.

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora): w North America.

Zigadenus venenosus is a smaller, more slender plant than either Z. paniculatus or Z. fontanus. It can be distinguished from Z. micranthus by its ascending pedicels. It has a much broader distribution than either Z. micranthus or Z. fontanus, and does not occur on serpentine substrates.


1 Outer tepals usually clawed ca. 5 mm; inflorescences mostly racemose, occasionally paniculate with 1 basal branch.   3a var. venenosus
+ Outer tepals not clawed, or clawed less than 5 mm; inflorescences mostly paniculate with 1–2 basal branches, occasionally racemose.   3b var. gramineus


 

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