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2a. Echinocactus polycephalus Engelmann & J. M. Bigelow var. polycephalus   
 
 
 
 
Stems gray-green. Spines red to gray, infrequently straw colored, canescent. Fruit scales reddish to maroon, aging tan or black, 10-14 mm, usually shorter than dried tepals at fruit apex, spine tips canescent with strap-shaped, unicellular trichomes. Seeds rounded or faceted with flat planes transversing testa, 2.8-4.7 mm, papillate-roughened (exposed surfaces of testa cells protruding, hemispheric to hexagonally faceted, appearing dull except for microscopically sparkling individual facets). 2n = 22. 
 
 
 
Flowering Jul-Aug. Rocky flats and washes, bajadas, rock ledges, Mojave and Sonoran desert scrub, igneous and calcareous substrates; [10-]30-1700 m; Ariz., Calif., Nev.; Mexico (Sonora). 
 
 
 
 
 
                         
                             
	 
                      
                         
		
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