Herbs: larger plants usually with extensive primary and sec­ondary branching. Flowers: calyx 2–6(–8) mm, lobes subu­late to linear-oblong, 1–4(–6) mm; corolla 10–23 mm, lobes 3–7 mm. 2n = 36.

Flowering late summer–fall. Open woods, grassy balds, stream banks, roadsides; 0–1800 m; Ont.; Conn., Ga., Md., Mass., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va.

There are historical records of subsp. quinquefolia from Québec, Maine, and New Hampshire.