1	Leaves, stems and peduncles moderately to densely short-hairy; distal cauline leaf bladesovate, flat, never folded along midrib		72 Solidago rigida
+	Leaves, stems, and peduncles glabrous or sparsely hairy; distal leaf blades linear to lanceolate, sometimes folded along midrib		(2)
2 (1)	Rays white (rarely cream); leaf blades linear, stiff, glabrous or sparsely hairy		73 Solidago ptarmicoides
+	Rays yellow; leaf blades linear to linear-lanceolate, stiff or flexible, glabrous		(3)
3 (2)	Rays 1–4, peduncles usually sparsely to moderately strigillose; Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas		77 Solidago nitida
+	Rays 6–12, peduncles glabrous or moderately strigillose; Manitoba, midwestern and Great Lakes states s to e Missouri		(4)
4 (3)	Involucres (5.5–)6–8(–9) mm; proximal and mid cauline leaves usually 3-nerved (sometimes obscurely), the 2 prominent lateral nerves arising proximally and running alongside midnerve for some distance before abruptly diverging; heads usually 10–30(–50)(–100+ rarely, in aberrant plants); plants 30–60+ cm; rays occasionally lighter yellow with age (damp,interdunal hollows, limestone alvars, Michigan, Ontario)		76 Solidago houghtonii
+	Involucres 4–6 mm; mid and distal cauline leaves not 3-nerved or if so then nerves parallel and not abruptly diverging; heads usually (10– on shorter stems)50–400; plants 40–120 cm		(5)
5 (4)	Leaves flat, only 1 nerve prominent; arrays corymbiform; dunes, marshes, along rivers,Great Lakes area, New York to Illinois and Wisconsin		74 Solidago ohioensis
+	Leaves folded along midrib and with (2–)3–8 prominent nerves at base; arrays somewhat paniculiform with rounded corymbiform branches; moist ground, sw Ontario toWisconsin and se Manitoba, sw to e Missouri		75 Solidago riddellii