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Flora of Taiwan | Family List | Orchidaceae | Calanthe

Calanthe speciosa (Bl.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orch. 250. 1833; Su, Quart. J. Expt. Forest. Natl. Taiwan Univ. 4(3): 87, pl. 3. 1990.

台灣根節蘭

  • Amblyglottis speciosa Blume
  • Calanthe formosana Rolfe
  • Calanthe patsinensis S. Y. Hu
  • Calanthe pulchra var. formosana (Rolfe) S. S. Ying
  • Calanthe yushuni Mori & Yamam.

    Plants 50-70 cm tall. Rhizomes regularly present, fleshy, to 1 cm in diam., densely rooting at nodes. Pseudobulbs elongate-ovoid or clavate, 4-5 cm long, 1 cm in diam., 5 or 6 nodose, often covered by leaf sheaths. Leaves 5-10, nearly distichous, oblanceolate, 40-60 cm long, ca. 7-8 cm wide, apex acuminate, base narrowed into a short petiole, mainly 5-nerved. Scapes 30-40 cm long, with 2 or 3 tubular scales on lower portion, flower bearing portion 10-15 cm long; bracts linear-lanceolate, whitish, 2.5-3 cm long, caducous; pedicel and ovary 15-20 mm long, glabrous. Flowers yellow; dorsal sepal oblong, 12-13 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, acuminate at apex, truncate at base, 5-nerved; lateral sepals similar but slightly oblique; petals obovate, 12 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, acute at apex, contracted at base, 7-nerved, concave; lip connate with column at base, 7-9 mm long, spurred, 3lobed, lateral lobes ovate-triangular or nearly rectangular, 2.5 mm long, terminal lobe obovate-rect-angular, 5 mm long, truncate and slightly undulate at apex, unlobed or slightly 2-lobed near tip, retuse or cuspidate at sinus, disc with 2 raised calli at base, spur 8-10 mm long, slightly curved forward; column stout, 4-5 mm long, connate entire length with base of lip; anther ovate-lanceolate, 3 mm long; pollinia slender, clavate, 2 mm long, attached by short caudicles to viscidium, viscidium linear, 3 mm long; stigma solitary, semilunate; rostellum 3 mm long, acuminate, distinctly protruding beyond column.

    TAIPEI: Fushihshan, Su & Chen 6747; Wulai, Su & Chen 7405. PINGTUNG: Lanjenchi, Su & Chen 6979; Linungshan, Su 8583. TAITUNG: Chushuipo, Kudo & Mori s. n. Dec 1936; Lanyu Is., Lin s. n. 1972.

    Java, Sumatra and Malaysia, northward to southern China (Hainan and Hong Kong) and the Ryukyus. Taiwan, forests below 1,500 m in the northern and southern mountainous regions.

    This species is very similar to C. lyroglossa in habit, but differs from it in the lip of the flowers having emarginate, truncate and slightly undulate midlobes, and in the longer spur curved forward.


     

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