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18. Argyreia Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 95, 134. 1790.
银背藤属 yin bei teng shu
Lettsomia Roxburgh; Moorcroftia Choisy.
Shrubs, scandent or lianas. Stems woody. Leaves petiolate, entire, sometimes silvery sericeous abaxially. Inflorescences axillary, rarely terminal, in cymes, or loose or compact capitula, few to many flowered; bracts persistent or early deciduous, small or large. Sepals persistent, herbaceous or ± leathery, pubescent abaxially, glabrous and often red adaxially, ± enlarged and reflexed in fruit. Corolla purple, red, pink, or white, campanulate, funnelform, or tubular; limb subentire to deeply 5-lobed, with 5 distinct, mostly pubescent midpetaline bands. Stamens inserted near base of corolla, included or exserted; filaments filiform, base dilated, often pubescent or glandular; pollen globular, pantoporate, finely spiny. Disc ringlike or cupular, margin entire or shallowly 5-lobed. Ovary 2- or 4-loculed, 4-ovuled, pubescent or glabrous. Style 1, filiform, included or exserted; stigma capitate, 2-lobed or 2-globular. Berry red, purplish, orange, or yellowish, globose or ellipsoid, fleshy, mealy, or leathery. Seeds 4 or fewer, rarely pilose at hilum.
About 90 species: mainly tropical Asia, with one species in Australia (Queensland); 22 species in China.
No monograph of Argyreia exists, and the mainland Asian species have not been studied for a contemporary flora or regional revision. A comparison of the Chinese material with those from regions to the south reveals that a profusion of names has developed for what appears to be a significantly smaller number of taxa. It was not possible to sort out the nomenclature for the species involved due to the lack of access to type material and the exceedingly complex literature dealing with Argyreia. Therefore, a conservative approach is taken, and nearly all of the taxa described from China are maintained, and possible conspecific taxa are pointed out. The flowers of Argyreia marlipoensis are unknown. It has not been possible to place the species in a key that relies heavily on floral characters. One cultivated species, A. nervosa, is
included in the key but not treated further.
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| 1 |
Corolla deeply 5lobed; stamens exserted. |
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(2) |
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Corolla entire or shallowly lobed; stamens included. |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Cymes capitate; bracts ± persistent, broadly obovate, spatulate, or circular, abaxially tomentose; flowers sessile or nearly so |
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19 Argyreia osyrensis |
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Cymes not capitate; bracts early deciduous; flowers pedicellate. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Leaf blade elliptic to ovate, usually silvery sericeous abaxially, base rounded or truncate, rarely shallowly cordate; fruiting sepals with recurved or crinkled apices |
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20 Argyreia acuta |
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Leaf blade broadly ovate to nearly circular, dull yellowish tomentose abaxially, base distinctly cordate, rarely subtruncate; fruiting sepals with flat or slightly revolute apices. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Inflorescences usually 4-6flowered; peduncle 1.5-2 cm; sepals ovateoblong, 6-8 mm, subequal; Taiwan |
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21 Argyreia formosana |
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Inflorescences usually 9-40flowered; peduncle 2.5-7 cm; sepals broadly ovatecircular, ca. 5 mm, unequal, outer 3 longer; Guangxi, Yunnan |
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22 Argyreia fulvocymosa |
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| 5 (1) |
Bracts early deciduous. |
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(6) |
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Bracts persistent. |
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(13) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade ovate to circular, base cordate. |
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(7) |
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Leaf blade ovate to ovateelliptic, oblong to lanceolate, base broadly cuneate to rounded or truncate. |
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(9) |
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| 7 (7) |
Bracts 3.5-5 cm, ovate, oblong, or elliptic; leaf blade densely sericeoustomentose abaxially; corolla 6-6.5 cm A.nervosa |
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(7) |
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Bracts 0.5-1 cm, linear to oblong; leaf blade sparsely strigose abaxially; corolla 2.8-5.5 cm. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Sepals ± equal, broadly elliptic to ovate, 9-11 mm, densely golden woolly abaxially; corolla funnelform, 2.8-4 cm, purplered |
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1 Argyreia strigillosa |
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Sepals unequal, outer 3 shorter, ovateoblong, 4-5 mm, abaxially ± yellowish sericeous; corolla funnelform, flaring strongly from base, 4-5.5 cm, purple |
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2 Argyreia maymyo |
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| 9 (6) |
Peduncle more than 10 cm. |
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(10) |
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Peduncle 0.5-7 cm. |
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(11) |
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| 10 (9) |
Leaf blade yellowish hispid or strigose abaxially; outer sepals elliptic, ca. 4 3 mm, abaxially hispid; fruit 8-10 mm in diam., dark red |
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5 Argyreia henryi |
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Leaf blade densely silvery sericeous abaxially; outer sepals ovate, ca. 7 5 mm, abaxially silvery sericeous; fruit 6-8 mm in diam., red |
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12 Argyreia splendens |
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| 11 (9) |
Leaf blade densely strigose adaxially |
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4 Argyreia velutina |
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Leaf blade glabrous or sparsely strigose adaxially. |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Corolla pale violet or pink, 5-6.5 cm; pedicel 5-15 mm; outer 2 sepals broadly elliptic, 8-10 mm, inner 3 oblong, shorter, slightly emarginate |
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3 Argyreia mollis |
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Corolla white, ca. 4.8 cm; pedicel ca. 2.5 mm; sepals all ovateoblong, ca. 4.5 mm |
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13 Argyreia cheliensis |
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| 13 (5) |
Bracts 2-13 mm. |
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(14) |
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Bracts 15-40 mm. |
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(17) |
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| 14 (13) |
Inflorescences few to many flowered; lianas with stout stems; anthers sagittate, 4.5-5.5 mm. |
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(15) |
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Flowers solitary; herbs or scandent shrubs with slender stems; anthers oblong, 2.5-4 mm. |
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(16) |
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| 15 (14) |
Leaf blade narrowly oblong or narrowly oblonglanceolate; petiole 1-2 cm; peduncle 1-3 cm; filaments 1.7-2.2 cm |
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14 Argyreia monglaensis |
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Leaf blade ovatecircular; petiole 6.5-7 cm; peduncle 10.5-13 cm; filaments ca. 1.1 cm |
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18 Argyreia fulvovillosa |
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| 16 (14) |
Leaf blade linear, 9-13 0.7-1 cm; sepals ovate, ca. 10 5-6 mm; corolla pale purple, 4-4.5 cm |
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15 Argyreia lineariloba |
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Leaf blade ovate to ovatedeltate, 3-4.5 1.5-2.5 cm; sepals linearlanceolate, outer ca. 20 2-3 mm; corolla red, ca. 7 cm |
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16 Argyreia baoshanensis |
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| 17 (13) |
Inflorescences long pedunculate, (3-)6-30 cm; bracts ligulate, attenuatelanceolate, or elliptic, both ends acute, or apically attenuate. |
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(18) |
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Inflorescences short pedunculate, mostly 1-2.5(-5) cm; bracts ovateelliptic, broadly ovate, or ovate, obtuse or acute. |
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(20) |
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| 18 (17) |
Inflorescences to 3-flowered; corolla urceolate-funnelform, 2.5-3.5 cm; sepals ± equal, broadly ovate to elliptic |
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9 Argyreia monosperma |
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Inflorescences many flowered, capitate or cymose; corolla funnelform, 3.5-5.5 cm; sepals unequal, outer 3 ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate, ovateoblong, to oblong. |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Indumentum brown or dull yellow, ± hirsute; inflorescences capitate, dense; bracts sessile, elliptic to lanceolate, both ends acute; sepals lanceolate, ovate oblong, to oblong |
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10 Argyreia capitiformis |
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Indumentum whitish villous; inflorescences cymose; bracts petiolate, ligulate, acuminate; outer 3 sepals ovatelanceolate, inner 2 obovateelliptic, obtuse |
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17 Argyreia mastersii |
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| 20 (17) |
Leaf base cordate; sepals ± equal, 1-1.2 cm; indumentum ashy or whitish |
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7 Argyreia wallichii |
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Leaf base cuneate, rounded, truncate, or shallowly cordate; sepals unequal, outer 3 larger, 1.2-1.7 cm; indumentum yellowish or pale brownish. |
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(21) |
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| 21 (20) |
Corolla 5-7 cm; style to 3.5 cm; fruit globose, 8-10 mm in diam. |
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8 Argyreia pierreana |
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Corolla 4.2-4.5 cm; style ca. 1.1 cm; fruit ellipsoid, 6-7 ca. 5 mm |
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11 Argyreia eriocephala |
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List of lower taxa
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
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