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7. Carya Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 220. 1818.
[nom. cons.]
山核桃属 shan he tao shu
Hicoria Rafinesque, nom. rej.
Trees deciduous, monoecious. Branchlets with solid pith. Terminal buds naked or with false-valved scales (or overlapping). Leaves odd-pinnate; leaflets 3-17, margin serrate. Inflorescences lateral or terminal on old or new growth; male and female inflorescences separate: male spikes in clusters of 3, lateral at base of new growth or rarely on old growth, pendulous; female spike terminal on new growth, erect. Flowers anemophilous. Male flowers with an entire bract; bracteoles 2; sepals usually absent; stamens (2 or)3-7(-10), anthers pubescent or rarely glabrous. Female flowers with an entire bract adnate to ovary; bracteoles 3, adnate to ovary; sepals absent; style absent; stigmas commissural, stigmatic disc 4-lobed. Fruiting spike erect. Fruit a drupelike nut with a thick, 4-valved husk covering a smooth or wrinkled shell 2-4-chambered at base. Germination hypogeal.
About 17 species: E Asia, North America; five species (three endemic, one introduced) in China.
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| 1 |
Terminal bud scales 4 or more, false valved; leaflets (7 or)9-13(-17), commonly falcate |
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1 Carya illinoinensis |
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Terminal buds naked; leaflets 5-9, not falcate. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Buds brownish black; rachis glabrous; peltate scales virtually absent on leaflets abaxially; anthers glabrous; lacunae present in nut shell |
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2 Carya kweichowensis |
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Buds rusty brown; rachis pubescent; peltate scales conspicuous on leaflets abaxially; anthers pubescent (C. hunanensis unknown); lacunae absent in nut shell. |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Petiole tomentose; nuts subglobose |
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3 Carya tonkinensis |
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Petiole glabrescent; nuts ellipsoid or obovoid. |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaflets 5 or 7; husk winged to base; nuts ellipsoid, 2-3 × 1.5-2.3 cm; shell 1-2 mm thick |
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4 Carya cathayensis |
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Leaflets (5 or)7 or 9; husk winged to middle; nuts obovoid, 3-3.7 × 2.3-2.8 cm; shell 1.5-2.5 mm thick |
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5 Carya hunanensis |
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Lower Taxa
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