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88. Coleus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 372. 1790.
鞘蕊花属 qiao rui hua shu
Herbs or shrubs. Leaves petiolate, dentate. Verticillasters 6- to many flowered, in racemes or panicles; bracts early deciduous or absent. Flowers pedicellate. Calyx ovoid-campanulate to campanulate, 5-toothed or conspicuously 2-lipped, posterior tooth larger; fruiting calyx dilated, declinate or recurved, throat glabrous or villous. Corolla much exserted, erect or recurved, 2-lipped; upper lip (3- or) 4-lobed, strongly reflexed; lower lip entire, elongated, navicular, narrowed at base. Stamens 4, declinate, included within lower lip; filaments connate or free, rarely adnate to corolla tube; anther cells apex confluent. Style apex equally 2-cleft. Nutlets ovoid to globose, smooth, tuberculate or not.
About 90(-150) species: tropics of E hemisphere, Australia; six species in China.
Many workers believe that the type species of Coleus is congeneric with Plectranthus s. str., a large predominantly African genus, but some of the Asian species have never been
formally transferred to that genus. There is much less agreement on the status of other segregate genera.
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| 1 |
Fruiting calyx recurved, throat closed by villous hairs; verticillasters 6-10-flowered |
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1 Coleus forskohlii |
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Fruiting calyx declinate, throat glabrous; verticillasters lax, many flowered. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Calyx conspicuously 2-lipped, teeth unequal. |
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(3) |
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Calyx not 2-lipped, lateral and anterior teeth equal or subequal, posterior tooth wider. |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Lower calyx lip narrow, oblong, lobes highly connate; plants puberulent; leaves mostly with brilliant color; corolla purplish to purple or blue |
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6 Coleus scutellarioides |
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Lower lip of calyx not oblong, lobes not highly connate, lanceolate; plants densely tawny tomentose; leaves without brilliant color; corolla yellow |
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5 Coleus xanthanthus |
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| 4 (2) |
Calyx densely glandular puberulent outside, red glandular; leaves succulent |
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4 Coleus carnosifolius |
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Calyx subglabrous or without glands and puberulent outside; leaves not succulent. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Calyx 3-4 mm in flower, subglabrous or puberulent outside; posterior tooth ovate, acute |
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3 Coleus bracteatus |
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Calyx 2.5 mm in flower, densely puberulent outside; posterior tooth only slightly wider, acuminate |
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2 Coleus esquirolii |
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Lower Taxa
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