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88. Coleus Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 372. 1790.

鞘蕊花属 qiao rui hua shu

Herbs or shrubs. Leaves petiolate, dentate. Verticillasters 6- to many flowered, in racemes or panicles; bracts early deciduous or absent. Flowers pedicellate. Calyx ovoid-campanulate to campanulate, 5-toothed or conspicuously 2-lipped, posterior tooth larger; fruiting calyx dilated, declinate or recurved, throat glabrous or villous. Corolla much exserted, erect or recurved, 2-lipped; upper lip (3- or) 4-lobed, strongly reflexed; lower lip entire, elongated, navicular, narrowed at base. Stamens 4, declinate, included within lower lip; filaments connate or free, rarely adnate to corolla tube; anther cells apex confluent. Style apex equally 2-cleft. Nutlets ovoid to globose, smooth, tuberculate or not.

About 90(-150) species: tropics of E hemisphere, Australia; six species in China.

Many workers believe that the type species of Coleus is congeneric with Plectranthus s. str., a large predominantly African genus, but some of the Asian species have never been formally transferred to that genus. There is much less agreement on the status of other segregate genera.


1 Fruiting calyx recurved, throat closed by villous hairs; verticillasters 6-10-flowered   1 Coleus forskohlii
+ Fruiting calyx declinate, throat glabrous; verticillasters lax, many flowered.   (2)
       
2 (1) Calyx conspicuously 2-lipped, teeth unequal.   (3)
+ Calyx not 2-lipped, lateral and anterior teeth equal or subequal, posterior tooth wider.   (4)
       
3 (2) Lower calyx lip narrow, oblong, lobes highly connate; plants puberulent; leaves mostly with brilliant color; corolla purplish to purple or blue   6 Coleus scutellarioides
+ Lower lip of calyx not oblong, lobes not highly connate, lanceolate; plants densely tawny tomentose; leaves without brilliant color; corolla yellow   5 Coleus xanthanthus
       
4 (2) Calyx densely glandular puberulent outside, red glandular; leaves succulent   4 Coleus carnosifolius
+ Calyx subglabrous or without glands and puberulent outside; leaves not succulent.   (5)
       
5 (4) Calyx 3-4 mm in flower, subglabrous or puberulent outside; posterior tooth ovate, acute   3 Coleus bracteatus
+ Calyx 2.5 mm in flower, densely puberulent outside; posterior tooth only slightly wider, acuminate   2 Coleus esquirolii

Lower Taxa


 

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