| 1 |
Some or all flowers pedicellate or inflorescences divided into small pedunculate cymules; axillary flowers or cymules pedunculate. |
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(2) |
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Whole terminal inflorescences dense clusters of sessile flowers; axillary inflorescences, if any, usually sessile clusters on main stems, rarely pedunculate clusters of sessile flowers. |
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(12) |
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| 2 (1) |
Calyx tube split 1/3 or more of its length on 1 side forming a spathe. |
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(3) |
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Calyx tube not split. |
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(7) |
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| 3 (2) |
Calyx lobes subulate, 0.5-4(-7) mm. |
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(4) |
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Calyx lobes linear, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 4-10 mm or, if subulate, over 4 mm. |
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(5) |
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| 4 (3) |
Corolla dark blue; rosette leaf blades linear-lanceolate to linear-elliptic, 3.5-16 × 0.4-1.8 cm |
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10 Gentiana decumbens |
| + |
Corolla greenish white or pale yellow-green with green spots, occasionally with pale blue suffusion; rosette leaf blades broadly lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, 6-20 × 0.8-4 cm |
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11 Gentiana straminea |
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| 5 (3) |
Stem leaf blades lanceolate to ovate-elliptic; corolla lobes 9-11 mm; plicae 4-6 mm; anthers 3.5-4 mm; seeds winged along 1 side |
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12 Gentiana waltonii |
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Stem leaf blades linear to linear-lanceolate; corolla lobes 4-7 mm; plicae 1.5-2.5 mm; anthers 2-3 mm; seeds not winged. |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Corolla dark blue-purple; capsule sessile |
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17 Gentiana dahurica |
| + |
Corolla pale blue or yellow; mature capsule on a gynophore 7-10 mm |
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18 Gentiana tianschanica |
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| 7 (2) |
Stems, peduncles, and both surfaces of leaves densely papillate; calyx lobes oblanceolate |
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14 Gentiana tenuicaulis |
| + |
Plants not papillate; calyx lobes linear, linear-lanceolate, narrowly triangular, or narrowly elliptic. |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Flowers usually solitary; calyx lobes narrowly elliptic, base narrowed |
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13 Gentiana lhassica |
| + |
Flowers generally in axillary or terminal cymes (occasionally solitary in G. kaufmanniana); calyx lobes linear, linear-lanceolate, or narrowly triangular, base not narrowed. |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Sinus between calyx lobes cuneate to acute; corolla obconic; plicae 3.5-4.5 mm, margin 2-cleft |
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15 Gentiana olivieri |
| + |
Sinus between calyx lobes truncate; corolla tubular-campanulate, campanulate, or funnelform; plicae 1.5-3 mm, margin entire or denticulate. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Plicae auriculate |
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Gentiana kaufmanniana |
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Plicae ovate or triangular. |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Corolla dark blue-purple; capsule sessile |
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17 Gentiana dahurica |
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Corolla pale blue or yellow; mature capsule on a 7-10 mm gynophore |
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18 Gentiana tianschanica |
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| 12 (1) |
Stem leaves increasing in size toward stem apex, upper stem leaf blades 3-5.5(-7) cm wide. |
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(13) |
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Stem leaves decreasing in size toward stem apex, upper stem leaf blades 0.7-2(-3) cm wide. |
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(14) |
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| 13 (12) |
Corolla 2-2.2 cm, blue-purple, basally pale yellow |
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Gentiana crassicaulis |
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Corolla 2.6-3.2 cm, pale yellow or yellow-green, lobes outside suffused with purplish brown |
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Gentiana tibetica |
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| 14 (12) |
Rosette leaf blades elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, 2-6 cm wide. |
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(15) |
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Rosette leaf blades linear, narrowly elliptic, or oblanceolate, 0.6-1.8(-2.5) cm wide. |
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(18) |
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| 15 (14) |
Corolla blue-purple |
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Gentiana macrophylla |
| + |
Corolla yellow-white, yellow-green, or pale yellow. |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Calyx tube not split; lobes 6-8 mm |
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Gentiana walujewii |
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Calyx tube split on 1 side; lobes 0.5-5 mm. |
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(17) |
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| 17 (16) |
Corolla (1.5-)1.8-2(-2.5) cm, lobes 3-3.5 mm; calyx lobes dentiform; mature capsule sessile |
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Gentiana officinalis |
| + |
Corolla 3-3.5 cm, lobes 5-6 mm; calyx lobes filiform; mature capsule on a gynophore 2-3 mm |
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Gentiana robusta |
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| 18 (14) |
Corolla blue or purple-blue. |
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(19) |
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Corolla pale yellow. |
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(21) |
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| 19 (18) |
Calyx lobes linear, 7-10 mm; ovary on a gynophore 7-10 mm |
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18 Gentiana tianschanica |
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Calyx lobes filiform to subulate, 0.5-5 mm; ovary sessile. |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Corolla 2.3-2.6 cm, dark blue or purple-blue |
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Gentiana siphonantha |
| + |
Corolla 1.5-2 cm, pale blue (often only limb blue) |
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Gentiana zekuensis |
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| 21 (18) |
Corolla 2.5-3.5 cm. |
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(22) |
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Corolla 1.5-2(-2.5) cm. |
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(23) |
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| 22 (21) |
Stem leaves 4 or 5 pairs; plicae triangular; stamens inserted at basal part of corolla tube |
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Gentiana dendrologi |
| + |
Stem leaves 2 or 3 pairs; plicae lanceolate; stamens inserted at middle of corolla tube |
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Gentiana olgae |
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| 23 (21) |
Calyx lobes dentiform; corolla pale yellow throughout; lobes obtuse |
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Gentiana officinalis |
| + |
Calyx lobes filiform; corolla limb usually suffused with pale blue; lobes acute |
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Gentiana zekuensis |
