1	Flowers 2-merous; ovary 2-loculed but sometimes only 1 locule developed		35 ERIOCAULON decemflorum
+	Flowers 3-merous but sometimes parts fused or degenerate; ovary 3-loculed or 1 or 2 locules not developed.		(2)
2 (1)	Sepals of female flowers connate at base or spathelike, apex 3-lobed.		(3)
+	Sepals of female flowers free (sometimes ± connate in E. tonkinense).		(11)
3 (2)	Ovary 1(or 2)-loculed.		(4)
+	Ovary 3-loculed.		(5)
4 (3)	Scapes 20--35 cm; leaves 4--12 cm; sheath 3--7 cm		33 ERIOCAULON faberi
+	Scapes ca. 3.5 cm; leaves 1--2.8 cm; sheath 0.6--1.7 cm		34 ERIOCAULON mangshanense
5 (3)	Floral bract abaxially white clavate hairy toward apex.		(6)
+	Floral bract glabrous, glabrescent, margin villous, or abaxially shortly hairy toward apex.		(7)
6 (5)	Receptacle usually densely villous; head straw-colored, 3--5 × 4--5 mm; involucral bracts orbicular to obovate, 2--2.5 mm; seed prickles T-shaped		26 ERIOCAULON buergerianum
+	Receptacle glabrous or with very few short hairs; head yellowish green, ca. 2.5 × 4 mm; involucral bracts broadly ovate, 1.5--2 mm; seed prickles linear, apex truncate or 2-branched		30 ERIOCAULON chinorossicum
7 (5)	Leaves 0.5--0.7 mm wide at middle		32 ERIOCAULON minusculum
+	Leaves 1--5 mm wide at middle.		(8)
8 (7)	Petals of female flowers glabrous		31 ERIOCAULON glabripetalum
+	Petals of female flowers adaxially villous.		(9)
9 (8)	Leaves 1--1.5 mm wide at middle, 4--7-veined; involucral bracts lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3.5--7.3 mm		27 ERIOCAULON miquelianum
+	Leaves 2--5 mm wide at middle, 7--20-veined; involucral bracts ovate to oblong, 1.5--2 mm.		(10)
10 (9)	Leaf veins 12--20; heads turbinate; seed prickles 1 or 2(--4) per cell		28 ERIOCAULON alpestre
+	Leaf veins 7--12; heads subglobose; seed prickles 2--4 per cell		29 ERIOCAULON robustius
11 (2)	Petals of female flowers absent.		(12)
+	Petals of female flowers present.		(14)
12 (11)	Apex of involucral bracts acuminate to caudate; sepals of female flowers winged		22 ERIOCAULON echinulatum
+	Apex of involucral bracts obtuse to acute; sepals of female flowers wingless.		(13)
13 (12)	Sepals of male flowers spathelike, apex 3-cleft; anthers white to milky white or dusky; leaves ca. 1 mm wide at middle		20 ERIOCAULON cinereum
+	Sepals of male flowers tubular at base, apex 2-cleft; anthers blackish; leaves 1.8--2 mm wide at middle		21 ERIOCAULON taishanense
14 (11)	Sepals of female flowers usually 2, sometimes 3 on flowers near edge of inflorescence.		(15)
+	Sepals of female flowers 3 (rarely 2 in E. sexangulare).		(16)
15 (14)	Leaves 6--8 cm, subleathery; scapes 1 or 2, 7-ribbed		19 ERIOCAULON sclerophyllum
+	Leaves 2--5 cm, herbaceous or membranous and conspicuously fenestrate; scapes 5--10, (4 or)5(or 6)-ribbed		18 ERIOCAULON truncatum
16 (14)	Stem elongate.		(17)
+	Stem not elongate.		(18)
17 (16)	Leaves ca. 0.2 mm wide at middle, 1-veined; sheath 2--2.5 cm; heads ca. 3 mm in diam.; involucral bract ca. 1 mm		10 ERIOCAULON setaceum
+	Leaves 3--5 mm wide at middle, 12--28-veined; sheath 3--6 cm; heads ca. 5 mm in diam.; involucral bract 2--2.7 mm		12 ERIOCAULON nepalense
18 (16)	Floral bracts abaxially white clavate hairy toward apex.		(19)
+	Floral bracts glabrous, ciliate, or abaxial hairs not white and clavate.		(27)
19 (18)	Involucral bracts villous at least at base abaxially.		(20)
+	Involucral bracts glabrous or subglabrous.		(21)
20 (19)	Leaves 4--6 mm wide; involucral bracts oblong, 3.5--4 × 2.2--3.6 mm; lateral sepals wingless		6 ERIOCAULON brownianum
+	Leaves 2--3 mm wide; involucral bracts orbicular-reniform to ovate, 2--2.5 × 2--2.5 mm; lateral sepals winged		7 ERIOCAULON australe
21 (19)	Involucral bracts brownish, suborbicular		3 ERIOCAULON angustulum
+	Involucral bracts straw-colored (sometimes blackish at apex), elliptic, ovate, or obovate.		(22)
22 (21)	Gland of male flower petals absent, inconspicuous, or present only on lateral petals.		(23)
+	Gland of male flower petals present.		(24)
23 (22)	Leaves 3--3.5 mm wide at middle; sheath 5.5--8 cm		1 ERIOCAULON acutibracteatum
+	Leaves 1--1.8(--3) mm wide at middle; sheath 2.5--4 cm		2 ERIOCAULON nantoense
24 (22)	Heads white, usually with black, triangular patches, 5--6 mm in diam.		9 ERIOCAULON schochianum
+	Heads black or blackish, 3--5 mm in diam.		(25)
25 (24)	Anthers milky white to brownish; seed prickles absent		14 ERIOCAULON tonkinense
+	Anthers black; seed prickles linear.		(26)
26 (25)	Leaves 1--1.8(--3) mm wide at middle; heads 3.5--5 mm in diam.		2 ERIOCAULON nantoense
+	Leaves ca. 3 mm wide at middle; heads 3--3.5 mm in diam.		11 ERIOCAULON sollyanum
27 (18)	Receptacle glabrous or subglabrous.		(28)
+	Receptacle sparsely to densely hairy.		(30)
28 (27)	Sepals of male flowers laterally winged; seed prickles T-shaped		8 ERIOCAULON sexangulare
+	Sepals of male flowers wingless; seed prickles absent.		(29)
29 (28)	Sepals of female flowers keeled; petals of female flowers glabrous, apex emarginate		15 ERIOCAULON kunmingense
+	Sepals of female flowers not keeled; petals of female flowers adaxially villous at center, apex acute		16 ERIOCAULON leianthum
30 (27)	Male and female flower petals with a gland (sometimes gland on only 2 petals of female flowers in E. henryanum).		(31)
+	Male and female flower petals without a gland (occasionally gland present on lateral petals of female flowers in E. rockianum).		(32)
31 (30)	Leaves 4--8 cm; scapes 1--4; sheath 4--9 cm		4 ERIOCAULON henryanum
+	Leaves ca. 2.3 cm; scapes 5--23; sheath 2--2.3 cm		23 ERIOCAULON parvum
32 (30)	Floral bracts glabrous, shortly hairy, or margin ciliate.		(33)
+	Floral bracts villous, hoary, or hispid.		(34)
33 (32)	Involucral bracts 2.2--2.5 mm; male flower petals usually glabrous		17 ERIOCAULON zollingerianum
+	Involucral bracts ca. 2 mm; male flower petals hoary or white clavate hairy		25 ERIOCAULON ermeiense
34 (32)	Sheath 5.5--10 cm; involucral bracts 3--4 × 2.5--3 cm; floral bracts hispid; seed prickles setiform, 2 or 3 from transverse wall and 1 from longitudinal wall		24 ERIOCAULON oryzetorum
+	Sheath 1--5 cm; involucral bracts 2--3 × 1.3--2 cm; floral bracts villous or hoary; seed prickles oblong or linear.		(35)
35 (34)	Sheath 1--2.5 cm; heads ca. 2 mm; involucral bracts ca. 2.2 mm, membranous; floral bracts villous; prickles oblong		5 ERIOCAULON rockianum
+	Sheath 2.5--5 cm; heads 3.5--5 mm; involucral bracts 2.5--3 mm, papery; floral bracts hoary; prickles linear		13 ERIOCAULON luzulifolium