|
14. Fargesia Franchet, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris. 2: 1067. 1893.
箭竹属 jian zhu shu
Authors: De-Zhu Li, Zhenhua Guo & Chris Stapleton
Borinda Stapleton; Sinarundinaria Nakai.
Small (ca. 1 m) to subarborescent (to 15 m) bamboos. Rhizomes pachymorph, short relative to culm height, 10–30(–50) cm, with short neck. Culms unicaespitose, basally erect, apically nodding to pendulous; internodes terete, smooth or finely ridged; nodes with level or weakly prominent supra-nodal ridge, usually narrower than sheath scar. Buds ovoid to lanceolate, branch sheathing reduced. Branches initially 7–15 per node in mid-culm, above promontory, initially erect, becoming deflexed, subequal. Culm sheaths linear, rounded, or triangular; blade usually reflexed. Leaves small to medium-sized; blades glossy and thickened, or matte and delicate, transverse veins prominent. Inflorescence racemose to paniculate, compressed or open, ebracteate or branches subtended by a series of persistent, small, delicate sheaths, unilateral or not. Spikelets several flowered. Glumes (1 or)2, unequal; lemma apically obtuse or acute, mucronate to awned; palea equal to or shorter than lemma, 2-keeled, apex bifid; lodicules 3. Stamens 3; filaments free, slender; anthers yellow or purple. Style 1 or 2; stigmas 2 or 3, plumose. Caryopsis oblong to ovoid. New shoots May–Sep.
About 90 species: China, E Himalayas, Vietnam; at least 78 species (77 endemic) in China.
Fargesia was originally described for a single species from central China with dense, spathed, unilateral racemes and short rhizomes. Some authors have suggested that on this basis, it should be referred to the earlier, Himalayan genus Thamnocalamus, which also has rather dense, initially spathed inflorescences. However, bud and branch morphology and molecular evidence suggest that the genera are not so closely related. Many species in Fargesia lack dense, spathed, unilateral inflorescences. As their flowers have become known, several have been moved into a genus established specifically to accommodate such clump-forming species, Borinda. In order for all these species to be listed under the same genus, they are all temporarily maintained under Fargesia, as in FRPS (9(1), 1996). The relationships among Fargesia, Thamnocalamus, Yushania, and allies are under investigation (Guo and Li, Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 30: 1–12. 2004). Fargesia brevipes, F. cuspidata, F. ungulata, and F. vicina (species nos. 75–78) could not be included in the following key because of lack of information on their culms and culm sheaths.
Taxa incertae sedis
Fargesia macrophylla Hsueh & C. M. Hui, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 18: 258. 1998.
阔叶箭竹 kuo ye jian zhu
Rhizome sympodial. Culms 2–3 m, 0.5–1 cm in diam.; internodes terete, 28–38 cm, initially thinly white powdery, glabrous, hollow; sheath scar prominent, glabrous. Branches very many per node, subequal. Culm sheaths persistent, shorter than internode, leathery, sometimes scattered setose, margins densely ciliate, longitudinal ribs only laterally conspicuous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule truncate, 2–5 mm; blade reflexed, base narrower than mouth or sheath. Leaves 3–5 per ultimate branch; sheath glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule rounded or truncate, ca. 1 mm; blade 15–25 × 2–4 cm, proximally pilose, secondary veins 5–7-paired, transverse veins distinct. Inflorescence unknown.
● 1900–2000 m. Yunnan (Fugong).
This taxon appears to key out with Fargesia pauciflora (species no. 54); the authors compared it with F. hsuehiana, which could be distinguished by, e.g., the initially setose culm internodes and nodes, culm sheath ligules only ca. 0.7 mm, and smaller leaves, 6–14 × 0.7–1.2 cm.
Fargesia nujiangensis Hsueh & C. M. Hui, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 18: 261. 1998.
怒江箭竹 nu jiang jian zhu
Fargesia nujiangensis f. lanpingensis J. R. Hsueh & C. M. Hui; F. nujiangensis f. striata J. R. Hsueh & C. M. Hui.
Rhizome sympodial. Culms 3–5 m, 1–3 cm in diam.; internodes terete, 23–30 cm, prominently ridged, initially densely white powdery or waxy, filled with pith (hollow in f. lanpingensis); nodes glabrous. Branches 5 per node, equal. Culm sheaths soon or gradually deciduous, streaked with yellow in f. striata, shorter than internode, leathery, sparsely caducous-setose, margins distally ciliate, longitudinal ribs prominent, transverse veins not evident, apex truncate or sometimes retuse; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule 2–5 mm; blade reflexed (erect in f. striata), base narrower than mouth or sheath. Leaves 2 or 3 per ultimate branch; sheath glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule ca. 1 mm; blade lanceolate, 5–10 × 0.5–0.6 cm, glabrous, secondary veins 2- or 3-paired, transverse veins obscure. Inflorescence unknown.
● 2500–2900 m. Yunnan (Gaoligong Shan).
Fargesia nujiangensis was compared by its authors with F. hsuehiana, which differs most obviously by having initially setose culm internodes, 6–9 branches per culm node, and persistent culm sheaths.
Fargesia stricta Hsueh & C. M. Hui, Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 18: 266. 1998.
马兹箭竹 ma zi jian zhu
Culms 5–8 m, 2–3 cm in diam.; internodes terete, 30–37 cm, obscurely ridged, glabrous, hollow or filled with pith toward culm apex; wall about as thick as cavity; supra-nodal ridge prominent, remains of sheath base persistent. Branches 3–5(–8) per node, unequal. Culm sheaths soon deciduous, oblong, leathery, brown setose, setae densest proximally, longitudinal ribs prominent, margins not ciliate; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule 1–3 mm, shortly ciliate; blade reflexed, linear-lanceolate, narrower than mouth of sheath. Leaves 3 or 4(or 5) per ultimate branch; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule ca. 1 mm; blade lanceolate, 5–10 × 0.5–0.8 cm, secondary veins 2- or 3-paired, transverse veins obscure. Inflorescence unknown.
● 2200–2300 m. Yunnan (Lushui).
The authors compared this species with what is now Himalayacalamus collaris.
In addition, the following species have been described from China:
Fargesia brevistipedis T. P. Yi (J. Bamboo Res. 19(1): 14. 2000) was described from sterile material from Sichuan (Tianquan). In the protologue it was compared with F. pauciflora.
Fargesia incrassata T. P. Yi (J. Bamboo Res. 19(1): 16. 2000) was described from sterile material from Sichuan (Tianquan). In the protologue it was compared with F. fractiflexa (Drepanostachyum fractiflexum in this account).
Fargesia ostrina T. P. Yi (Acta Bot. Yunnan. 22: 251. 2000) was described from Sichuan (Wanyuan). In the protologue it was compared with F. murielae.
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| 1 |
Culm sheaths deciduous; culm nodes with supra-nodal ridge prominent to very prominent, usually more prominent than sheath scar |
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(2) |
| + |
Culm sheaths late deciduous or persistent; culm nodes with supra-nodal ridge level, rarely prominent, usually less prominent than sheath scar |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Branches obviously unequal, larger branches 1.5–6 mm in diam, smaller branches 1–1.5 mm in diam |
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1 F. canaliculata |
| + |
Branches ± subequal, all 1–1.5 mm in diam |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Internodes 21–25(–30) cm, initially sparsely white powdery; branches 10–40 per node, secondary branching absent or only at basal 1 or 2 nodes of branches; leaves 1 or 2 per ultimate branch. |
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2 F. stenoclada |
| + |
Internodes 10–15 cm, initially densely white powdery; branches 4–8 per node, secondary branching well developed; leaves 2–4 per ultimate branch. |
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3 F. brevissima |
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| 4 (1) |
Culm sheaths oblong or narrowly elliptical, glabrous or sparsely setose, apically rounded, apex as wide as base or nearly so |
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(5) |
| + |
Culm sheaths narrowly triangular or narrowly orbicular-triangular, setose, rarely glabrous, apex triangular or linear, much narrower than base |
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(15) |
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| 5 (4) |
Culm sheath blade reflexed |
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(6) |
| + |
Culm sheath blades erect at least on lower nodes, sometimes on all nodes |
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(10) |
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| 6 (5) |
Culm sheaths sparsely gray-brown setose |
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(7) |
| + |
Culm sheaths glabrous |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Culm internodes densely white powdery when young, gray-white setose below node, conspicuously finely ridged in, nearly solid, wall 2.5–5.5 mm thick. |
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12 F. frigidis |
| + |
Culms internodes thinly white powdery only below each node, glabrous, obscurely finely ridged, hollow, wall 1.5–2 mm thick. |
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4 F. zayuensis |
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| 8 (6) |
Internodes to ca. 40 cm, to 2.5 cm in diam.; culms densely white powdery when young. |
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5 F. orbiculata |
| + |
Internodes shorter than 33 cm, not more than 2 cm in diam.; culms sparsely white powdery when young |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Culm sheaths distally asymmetrically rounded; leaf sheath oral setae usually present. |
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6 F. murielae |
| + |
Culm sheaths distally oblong-ovate; leaf sheath oral setae absent. |
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7 F. denudata |
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| 10 (5) |
Culm sheath blade base much narrower than culm sheath apex |
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(11) |
| + |
Culm sheath blade base widened and nearly as wide as, to as wide as culm sheath apex |
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(13) |
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| 11 (10) |
Culm sheath apically broadly triangular or arcuate, shoulders not projecting, ligules truncate. |
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8 F. similaris |
| + |
Culm sheath shoulders projecting, ligules triangular or arcuate |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Culm sheaths longer than internodes, to 26 cm, very sparsely yellow-brown setose, apex leathery and flat. |
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9 F. utilis |
| + |
Culm sheaths shorter than internodes, to 14 cm, glabrous, apex papery and undulate when dry. |
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10 F. extensa |
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| 13 (10) |
Culm sheaths glabrous; leaf blade broadly lanceolate, base asymmetrically rounded. |
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11 F. obliqua |
| + |
Culm sheaths initially gray-white or gray-yellow setulose; leaf blade lanceolate, basally cuneate, nearly symmetrical |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Culms to 3 cm in diam.; internodes 26–28(–40) cm, initially densely white powdery; culm sheath blade to 22 mm wide; leaf blade abaxially glabrous, secondary veins 3-paired. |
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13 F. melanostachys |
| + |
Culms to 1.5 cm in diam.; internodes 17–25 cm, initially thinly white powdery or lacking powder, culm sheath blade to 5 mm wide; leaf blade abaxially white pubescent, secondary veins 4-paired. |
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14 F. scabrida |
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| 15 (4) |
Culm sheath longer than internode |
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(16) |
| + |
Culm sheath shorter than or about as long as internodes |
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(46) |
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| 16 (15) |
Culm sheath apically leathery, broadly triangular, narrowed for distal ca. 1/5 of length |
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(17) |
| + |
Culm sheath apically thickly papery, linear or narrowly triangular, narrowed for distal 1/3–1/2 of length |
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(30) |
| |
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| 17 (16) |
Leaf blade abaxially initially ± gray or gray-brown pubescent, especially proximally |
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(18) |
| + |
Leaf blade abaxially glabrous |
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(21) |
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| 18 (17) |
Culm sheath red-brown. |
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15 F. rufa |
| + |
Culm sheath yellow-brown or purple-brown |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Culm internodes solid or nearly so; leaf sheath auricles absent, oral setae erect or curved. |
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16 F. dura |
| + |
Culm internodes hollow; leaf sheath auricles triangular or subfalcate (rarely absent in F. macclureana), oral setae radiating |
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(20) |
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| 20 (19) |
Culm internodes 18–28(–53) cm, thinly white powdery when young, fine longitudinal ridges prominent |
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17 F. macclureana |
| + |
Culm internodes 11–17 cm, densely white powdery when young, fine longitudinal ridges obscure. |
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18 F. sylvestris |
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| 21 (17) |
Culm internodes hollow |
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(22) |
| + |
Culm internodes solid or nearly so |
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(27) |
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| 22 (21) |
Culm internodes initially gray-white setose or gray-brown setose, either entirely or only below nodes |
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(23) |
| + |
Internodes glabrous |
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(24) |
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| 23 (22) |
Culms slightly flexuose, internodes 22–25 cm; leaf sheath 5–6.6 cm, blade 12–16 × 2–3 cm, secondary veins 4- or 5-paired. |
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19 F. subflexuosa |
| + |
Culms straight, internodes 15–20 cm; leaf sheath 1.8–3.5 cm, blade 3.5–10.5 × 0.5–0.9(–1.2) cm, secondary veins 2- or 3-paired. |
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20 F. mairei |
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| 24 (22) |
Culm internodes 20–25(–39) cm; leaf blade 1.3–2.3 cm wide. |
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21 F. tenuilignea |
| + |
Culm internodes to 20 cm; leaf blade less than 1.3 cm |
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(25) |
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| 25 (24) |
Culm sheaths yellowish; leaf blades not conspicuously tessellate. |
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22 F. spathacea |
| + |
Culm sheaths purple or purple-brown; leaf blades conspicuously tessellate |
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(26) |
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| 26 (25) |
Culm sheaths sparsely brown setose or rarely glabrous; culm sheath auricles falcate; leaf sheath auricles elliptic. |
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23 F. qinlingensis |
| + |
Culm sheaths glabrous or sparsely gray-white setose; culm sheaths and leaf sheaths without auricles. |
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24 F. nitida |
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| 27 (21) |
Culms to 6 cm in diam.; internodes blue-gray, distally gray-brown to yellow-brown setose when young; leaf blade 10–18 × 1.6–2.3 cm. |
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25 F. papyrifera |
| + |
Culms to 2 cm in diam.; internodes often light green, glabrous; leaf blade 3.2–9.5 × 0.4–1.2 cm |
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(28) |
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| 28 (27) |
Culm sheath oral setae erect, ligule subtruncate, blade reflexed; leaf blade 0.5–1.2 cm wide. |
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26 F. albocerea |
| + |
Culm sheath oral setae absent, ligule ± arcuate, blade erect; leaf blade 0.4–0.7 cm wide |
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(29) |
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| 29 (28) |
Culm sheaths uniformly leathery; culms 1–2 cm in diam.; branches deflexed. |
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27 F. solida |
| + |
Culm sheaths proximally thinly leathery or papery, distally membranous; culms 0.5–1 cm in diam.; branches ascending. |
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28 F. elegans |
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| 30 (16) |
Leaf blade abaxially proximally or uniformly gray-white or gray-brown pubescent (sometimes glabrous in F. edulis) |
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(31) |
| + |
Leaf blade abaxially glabrous |
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(38) |
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| 31 (30) |
Culm sheaths densely spotted |
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(32) |
| + |
Culm sheaths not densely spotted |
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(33) |
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| 32 (31) |
Culm internodes 35–41 cm, with prominent longitudinal ridge above branching; internode cavity hollow when young, not filled with pith; nodes level, intranode 4–6 mm; leaf blade 3.6–10 × 0.3–0.7 mm, secondary veins 2- or 3-paired. |
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29 F. ferax |
| + |
Culm internodes 20–23(–36) cm, without longitudinal ridge above branching; internode cavity filled with pith when young; nodes slightly to conspicuously prominent, intranode 2–4 mm; leaf blade (7–)10–16 × 1–1.7 cm, secondary veins 4-paired. |
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30 F. fungosa |
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| 33 (31) |
Culm internodes with conspicuous fine ridges |
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(34) |
| + |
Culm internodes smooth, without fine ridges |
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(35) |
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| 34 (33) |
Leaf sheath glabrous; leaf blade thick, 8.5–12(–16) × 0.5–1(–1.4) cm, secondary veins 3-paired; leaf blade proximally glabrous; culm sheath oral setae yellow-brown. |
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31 F. communis |
| + |
Leaf sheath distally pubescent; leaf blade thin, 3.4–9.5 × 0.3–0.7 cm, secondary veins 2-paired; pseudopetiole gray-white pubescent when young; culm sheath oral setae white-gray. |
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32 F. angustissima |
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| 35 (33) |
Culm sheaths yellow, densely brown setose |
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(36) |
| + |
Culm sheaths purple-brown with lighter yellow-brown stripes, sparsely brown setose |
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(37) |
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| 36 (35) |
Culms 5–8 m tall, 2–4 cm in diam., internodes 28–40 cm; first branch ca. 4 mm in diam.; culm sheath ligule ca. 1 mm; leaf sheath oral setae present; leaf blade 10–14(–22) mm wide. |
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33 F. edulis |
| + |
Culms to 5 m tall, to 2 cm in diam., internodes ca. 30 cm; first branch ca. 2 mm in diam.; culm sheath ligule ca. 7 mm; leaf sheath oral setae absent; leaf blade 4–9 mm wide. |
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34 F. jiulongensis |
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| 37 (35) |
Culm internodes hollow; leaf blade with transverse veins distinct; pseudopetiole glabrous. |
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35 F. gongshanensis |
| + |
Culm internodes solid or nearly so; leaf blade with transverse veins obscure; pseudopetiole gray-white pubescent when young. |
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36 F. contracta |
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| 38 (30) |
Culm internodes hollow, wall much narrower than cavity |
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(39) |
| + |
Culm internodes solid or nearly so, wall much thicker than any inner cavity |
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(44) |
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| 39 (38) |
Culms 0.5–2 cm in diam |
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(40) |
| + |
Culms (1.2–)2–6 cm in diam |
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(41) |
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| 40 (39) |
Culm internodes white powdery when young, glabrous; culm sheaths glabrous or apically sparsely brown setose, sometimes purple spotted; leaf sheaths to 5 cm. |
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37 F. semicoriacea |
| + |
Culm internodes densely white powdery when young, glabrous or gray-yellow setose below node; culm sheaths yellow-brown setose; leaf sheaths to 7 cm. |
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38 F. hygrophila |
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| 41 (39) |
Culm sheath blade erect; leaf blade 3–6 mm wide. |
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39 F. sagittatinea |
| + |
Culm sheath blade reflexed; leaf blade 6–22 mm wide |
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(42) |
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| 42 (41) |
Culm sheaths purple-brown, sometimes purple spotted. |
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40 F. altior |
| + |
Culm sheaths yellow or yellow-brown, not spotted |
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(43) |
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| 43 (42) |
Culm internodes gray-green, initially gray or gray-yellow setose below nodes; culm sheath ligule 1–6 mm; leaf blade 1.3–2.2 cm wide. |
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41 F. concinna |
| + |
Culm internodes green, glabrous; culm sheath ligule to 1 mm; leaf blade 0.8–1.3 cm wide |
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42 F. praecipua |
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|
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| 44 (38) |
Culm internodes proximally white powdery when young; culm sheath blade erect. |
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43 F. yuanjiangensis |
| + |
Culm internodes not white powdery; culm sheath blade reflexed (unknown in F. perlonga) |
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(45) |
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| 45 (44) |
Culm sheath auricles small or absent; leaf sheath oral setae scarce; leaf blade thick, 10–19.5 × 1.3–1.7 cm, secondary veins 5- or 6-paired. |
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44 F. perlonga |
| + |
Culm sheath auricles formed by sheath shoulders rolled; leaf sheath oral setae conspicuous, erect; leaf blade thin, 5.5–14 × 0.8–1.5 cm, secondary veins 3–5-paired. |
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45 F. circinata |
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| 46 (15) |
Culm sheath blade always reflexed |
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(47) |
| + |
Culm sheath blade erect at least on lower part of culm, sometimes reflexed on upper parts |
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(64) |
| |
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|
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| 47 (46) |
Culm internodes solid or thickly walled, wall thicker than cavity if hollow |
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(48) |
| + |
Culm internodes hollow, wall much thinner than central cavity |
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(54) |
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|
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| 48 (47) |
Leaf blade abaxially glabrous |
|
(49) |
| + |
Leaf blade abaxially densely pubescent at least proximally |
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(50) |
| |
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|
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| 49 (48) |
Culm internodes initially sparsely white-gray setose; culm sheath distal margins flat; leaf blades 4–8(–15) per twig. |
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46 F. hsuehiana |
| + |
Culm internodes glabrous; culm sheath distal margins wrinkled; leaf blades ca. 2 per twig. |
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47 F. pleniculmis |
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| 50 (48) |
Leaf blade 4–12 × 0.5–1.1 cm, secondary veins 2–4-paired; culms 0.5–1.5 cm in diam |
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(51) |
| + |
Leaf blade 12–21 × 1.1–2.3 cm, secondary veins 4- or 5(or 6)-paired; culms (1–)1.6–5(–6) cm in diam |
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(52) |
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| 51 (50) |
Culms apically pendulous to scrambling; leaf sheath 3–5 cm; leaf blade abaxially glabrous, secondary veins 3- or 4-paired. |
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51 F. declivis |
| + |
Culms erect; leaf sheath 1.5–2.5 cm; leaf blade abaxially white pubescent, secondary veins 2- or 3-paired. |
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52 F. farcta |
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| 52 (50) |
Shoots usually white powdery; nodal sheath scar glabrous; culm sheaths glabrous or setose in patches. |
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48 F. yunnanensis |
| + |
Shoots not white powdery; nodal sheath scar brown setose; culm sheaths densely brown setose |
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(53) |
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| 53 (52) |
Culm internodes prominently finely ridged, initially black-green; culm sheath ligule ca. 1 mm, truncate or arcuate. |
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49 F. acuticontracta |
| + |
Culm internodes obscurely finely ridged, initially; culm sheath ligule ca. 3 mm, serrulate. |
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50 F. longiuscula |
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| 54 (47) |
Leaf blade abaxially entirely or proximally pubescent |
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(55) |
| + |
Leaf blade abaxially glabrous |
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(60) |
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| 55 (54) |
Older culm internodes scabrid after setae break off, wall 1–1.5 mm thick; culm sheaths papery |
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65 F. plurisetosa |
| + |
Older culm internodes usually smooth and glabrous, wall 2–5 mm thick; culm sheaths leathery |
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(56) |
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| 56 (55) |
Culm internodes densely white powdery when young |
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(57) |
| + |
Culm internodes not white powdery |
|
(58) |
| |
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| 57 (56) |
Culm sheaths densely appressed brown setose; leaf sheath oral setae present, persistent. |
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53 F. adpressa |
| + |
Culm sheaths glabrous or sparsely yellow-brown setose; leaf sheath oral setae absent. |
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54 F. pauciflora |
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| 58 (56) |
Culm sheaths proximally glabrous or setose; culm sheath auricles minute, blade wrinkled. |
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55 F. grossa |
| + |
Culm sheath proximally densely brown setose; culm sheath auricles absent, blade flat |
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(59) |
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| 59 (58) |
Culm internodes glabrous; leaf sheath 1.2–3 cm; leaf blade abaxially proximally pubescent. |
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56 F. hainanensis |
| + |
Culm internodes initially distally gray setose; leaf sheath 5.5–7.5 cm; leaf blade abaxially uniformly pubescent |
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57 F. porphyrea |
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| 60 (54) |
Culm internodes not white powdery; leaf blade 1.2–1.6 cm wide. |
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58 F. lincangensis |
| + |
Culm internodes initially white powdery; leaf blade 0.4–1.2 cm wide |
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(61) |
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| 61 (60) |
Culm internodes initially gray-white setose above nodes, usually densely brown setose below node when young. |
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60 F. strigosa |
| + |
Culm internodes glabrous |
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(62) |
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| 62 (61) |
Culm internodes grooved above branches; leaf blades 8–10 per ultimate branch; leaf sheath oral setae absent. |
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62 F. dulcicula |
| + |
Culm internodes terete; leaf blades 2–4 per ultimate twig; leaf sheath oral setae present |
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(63) |
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| 63 (62) |
Culm internode nearly solid or wall 4–8 mm thick; culm sheath densely pale yellow setose; leaf blades 3 or 4 per ultimate branch; leaf sheath to 3.8 cm, pseudopetiole 1.5–2.5 mm; blade 8–12 mm wide; secondary veins 3- or 4-paired. |
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63 F. wuliangshanensis |
| + |
Culm internode wall 2–4 mm thick; culm sheath sparsely gray-white to gray-yellow setose; leaf blades 2(or 3) per ultimate branch; leaf sheath to 2.5 cm, pseudopetiole to 1 mm; blade 4–5 mm wide; secondary veins 2-paired. |
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64 F. glabrifolia |
| |
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| 64 (46) |
Leaf sheath auricles present |
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(65) |
| + |
Leaf sheath auricles absent |
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(67) |
| |
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|
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| 65 (65) |
Culm internodes initially densely gray setose; culm sheath ligule ciliate |
|
(65) |
| + |
Culm internodes glabrous when young |
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(66) |
| |
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| 66 (65) |
Culm sheath blade much narrower than apex of culm sheath; leaf sheath auricles narrowly elliptic, oral setae terminal. |
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66 F. dracocephala |
| + |
Culm sheath blade about as wide as culm sheath apex; leaf sheath auricles nearly circular, oral setae marginal. |
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67 F. decurvata |
| |
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|
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| 67 (64) |
Leaf sheath oral setae present, erect |
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(68) |
| + |
Leaf sheath oral setae absent |
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(70) |
| |
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|
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| 68 (67) |
Culm internodes initially distally white-gray setose, not white powdery; culm sheaths persistent, densely adnately brown-black setose, ligule 2–6 mm. |
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68 F. conferta |
| + |
Culm internodes glabrous, white powdery; culm sheaths deciduous, ligule to 2 mm |
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(69) |
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| 69 (68) |
Leaf sheath to 16 cm, apex broadly triangular; leaves 2–4 per ultimate branch; leaf sheath margins densely ciliate, blade with secondary veins 4–7-paired. |
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69 F. robusta |
| + |
Leaf sheath to 27.5 cm, apex narrowly triangular; leaves 7–9 per ultimate branch; leaf sheath margins glabrous, blade with secondary veins 3- or 4-paired. |
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70 F. caduca |
| |
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| 70 (67) |
Culm internodes setose when young, at least near nodes, culm sheath brown setose |
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(71) |
| + |
Culm internodes glabrous; culm sheath glabrous or sparsely setose |
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(72) |
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| 71 (70) |
Culm internodes 35–45 cm; leaf blade with both margins spinescent-serrulate. |
|
59 F. yulongshanensis |
| + |
Culm internodes 18–25 cm; leaf blade with one margin slightly serrulate, other margin smooth. |
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71 F. emaculata |
| |
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| 72 (70) |
Culms 1.2–2(–2.5) m, internodes 8–12 cm; culm sheath persistent. |
|
61 F. funiushanensis |
| + |
Culms 3–6 m, internodes 14–38 cm; culm sheath deciduous, sometimes gradually so |
|
(73) |
| |
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| 73 (72) |
Culm internodes grooved above branches; culm sheath ligule truncate, lower culm sheath blades erect, upper blades reflexed. |
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72 F. lushuiensis |
| + |
Culm internodes terete; culm sheath blades always erect |
|
(74) |
| |
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| 74 (73) |
Culm sheaths gradually deciduous, ligule not broader than base of sheath blades, arcuate. |
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73 F. mali |
| + |
Culm sheaths soon deciduous, ligule broader than base of sheath blade, truncate or concave. |
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74 F. exposita |
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List of lower taxa
| Related Links (opens in a new window) |
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Treatments in Other Floras @ www.efloras.org
Other Databases
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