19. Frolovia (Candolle) Lipschitz, Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 16: 461. 1954.
齿冠属 chi guan shu
Authors: Zhu Shi & Eckhard von Raab-Straube
Aplotaxis sect. Frolovia Candolle, Prodr. 6: 538. 1838.
Herbs to 1 m tall, perennial. Stems stout, erect, hollow. Basal leaves large, lyrately pinnatisect with large terminal lobe or undivided and ovate to narrowly ovate-elliptic. Capitula solitary or few, 2-8 cm in diam., long pedunculate. Phyllaries in many rows, narrowly ovate-elliptic to linear, subequal in length, apex long acuminate; outer phyllaries ± reflexed. Receptacle with numerous bristles. Corolla bluish or reddish purple, glabrous. Anther tails lacerate. Achene large, obtusely 4-angled, wrinkled, glabrous, apex with an obtusely crenulate crown. Pappus homomorphic, in 1 row; bristles numerous, snow white or light brown, plumose, basally connate into a ring, caducous as a whole.
Five species: Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan; one species in China.
Frolovia is very closely related to Aucklandia (see note under that genus). In G. M. Shen (Fl. Xinjiang. 5: 273. 1999), the species of this genus is included in Saussurea. Molecular analysis by Y. J. Wang et al. (Ann. Bot. 99: 311-322. 2007) has shown that Frolovia and Aucklandia are more closely related to Dolomiaea than to Saussurea.
