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| 1 |
Roots dilated into tuberiform rhizomes |
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(2) |
| + |
Roots not dilated, not tuberiform |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Scapigerous herbs; flowering stem simple, 20-50 cm tall; leaves crowded at base, rosulate, obovate, spatulate, or elliptic, marginally repand-dentate or pinnatifid; petioles basally not auriculate; capitula 1-5, in lax corymb. |
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1 G. pseudochina |
| + |
Robust herbs, to 150 cm tall, much branched; stem leaves numerous, lyrate-pinnatipartite to pinnatipartite; petioles basally rounded, with pinnatifid auricles; capitula numerous, corymbose-paniculate. |
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2 G. japonica |
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| 3 (1) |
Scandent herbs; stems procumbent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, apically acute or acuminate, marginally entire or repand-dentate, both surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, base of petioles not auriculate; capitula 3-5 in terminal or axillary corymbs. |
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10 G. procumbens |
| + |
Erect herbs or shrubs |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Stem procumbent in lower part |
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(5) |
| + |
Stem erect or declined at base |
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(7) |
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| 5 (4) |
Plants and phyllaries densely fulvous tomentose; leaves narrowly elliptic, ovate, or rhombic, margin entire or serrate in upper half, basally cuneate-attenuate into petiole; lateral veins 3-6-paired, both surfaces sparsely or densely shortly hairy. |
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3 G. nepalensis |
| + |
Plants and phyllaries glabrous or subglabrous |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaves sessile or subsessile, oblong-elliptic, obovate, or oblong-lanceolate, basally amplexicaul, with broad auricle, margin irregularly sharply serrate, lateral veins 12-30-paired; capitula 4-15, corymbose-paniculate. |
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5 G. cusimbua |
| + |
Leaves petiolate, obovate or oblanceolate, basally cuneate, narrow, not auriculate, margin repand-dentate, or mucronulate, lateral veins 7-9-paired; capitula numerous, laxly corymbose. |
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4 G. bicolor |
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| 7 (4) |
Leaves simple, elliptic, marginally entire or laxly denticulate, apex obtuse, base of petiole with incised auricle. |
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9 G. elliptica |
| + |
Leaves marginally repand-dentate or lyrately pinnately divided |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Leaves usually crowded on lower part of stem, petiolate or subsessile, ovate, elliptic, or oblanceolate, veinlets coalescent into suboblong, parallel-reticulate, conspicuous black lines when dry; capitula 3-5 corymbose-paniculate, divaricate. |
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6 G. divaricata |
| + |
Leaves lax, rarely crowded on stem, elliptic or spatulate, veinlets inconspicuous, not coalescent into black lines when dry; capitula laxly corymbose, not divaricate |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Plants hispid; leaves lyrate-ovate, basally attenuate into long petioles, upper or median leaves 1- or 2-denticulate, apically obtuse, both surfaces adpressed pilose; capitula 3, laxly corymbose; peduncles 5-7 cm. |
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7 G. formosana |
| + |
Plants fulvous pubescent; leaves lyrate-pinnatilobate, 4-12 cm, terminal lobe large, triangular-ovate, apex acuminate, base truncate or cordate, lateral lobes 1- or 2-paired, ovate-oblong, both surfaces fulvous pubescent; capitula 1-3, laxly corymbose; peduncles 1-3 cm. |
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8 G. barbareifolia |
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