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1. Humulus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1028. 1753.
葎草属 lü cao shu
Humulopsis Grudzinskaja.
Herbs, perennial or annual, twining, dioecious. Stems, branchlets, and petioles with rigid 2-armed stalked hairs. Stems coarse, 6-ridged or winged. Leaves opposite, well developed leaves ± cordate and 3-7(-9)-lobed, terminal leaves sometimes ± ovate and simple, abaxially with yellowish brown resinous glands and dots. Male inflorescences laxly paniculate. Male flowers: filaments straight in bud; female inflorescences a conelike spicate cyme; bracts imbricate, persistent and enlarged in fruit, margin entire. Female flowers: calyx thinly membranous, appressed to ovary, margin entire; ovary ± surrounded by appressed calyx; styles 2-branched; branches caducous. Achene broadly ovoid; calyx persistent, appressed to achene; pericarp crustaceous; embryo spirally involute; cotyledons narrow.
Three species: Asia, Europe, North America; three species (one endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaf blade abaxially without rigid spinulose hairs on veins, adaxially with few or no cystolith hairs marginally when young; flowers 2 per bract at least in middle of inflorescence. |
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1 H. lupulus |
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Leaf blade abaxially with rigid spinulose hairs on veins, adaxially with cystolith hairs marginally when young; flowers 1 per bract. |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Well developed leaves with 3 or 5 lobes but sometimes simple, adaxially usually densely pubescent; infructescences 2-9 cm; bracts and bracteoles 1.5-3 cm, lacking spinulose hairs. |
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2 H. yunnanensis |
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Well developed leaves with (3 or)5-9 lobes, adaxially pubescent but not densely so; infructescences 0.5-1.5(-2) cm; bracts and bracteoles less than 1 cm, spinulose. |
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3 H. scandens |
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Lower Taxa
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