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9. Phyllanthodendron Hemsley, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 26: ad t. 2563, 2564. 1898.
珠子木属 zhu zi mu shu
Authors: Bingtao Li & Michael G. Gilbert
Trees or shrubs, monoecious or dioecious, hairs simple, often absent. Leaves alternate, usually distichous; stipules small, caducous; petiole short; leaf blade simple, margin entire, venation pinnate. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered; pedicels often slender. Male flowers: sepals (4 or)5 or 6, free, in 2 series, imbricate, oblong-elliptic, midrib elevated abaxially, apex caudate-acuminate; petals absent; disk segments (4 or)5 or 6, shorter than sepals, ligulate or oblong, entire; stamens 3(or 4); filaments connate into a terete column; anthers 2-locular, longitudinally dehiscent, connectives subulate-acuminate at apex. Female flowers: sepals and disk segments 5 or 6; ovary 3-locular; ovules 2 per locule; styles 3, apex usually not lobed, often erect. Fruit a capsule, subglobose, septicidally and loculicidally dehiscent into 3 2-valved cocci when mature. Seeds 3-angled.
About 16 species: Peninsular Malaysia to China; ten species (nine endemic) in China.
Phyllanthodendron is a very easily identifiable segregate that nests within Phyllanthus, retained here for convenience. It can be easily distinguished by the distinctly caudate-acuminate sepals, linear to spatulate disk glands, and extended anther connectives.
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| 1 |
Branches terete |
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(2) |
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Branches angular to prominently winged |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Branches, ovaries, and fruits pubescent or hispidulous; leaves abaxially brown or brown-red when dry |
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(3) |
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Branches, ovaries, and fruits glabrous; leaves abaxially glaucous when dry |
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(4) |
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| 3 (2) |
Young leaves and stipules abaxially puberulent, glabrescent; midrib and lateral veins raised on both surfaces. |
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1 P. yunnanense |
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Leaves and stipules abaxially glabrous; midrib and lateral veins adaxially flattened. |
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2 P. roseum |
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| 4 (2) |
Leaf blade obovate, papery, base cuneate or broadly so; lateral and reticulate veins abaxially flattened; disk segments spatulate; ovary globose, styles short, bifid to middle. |
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3 P. petraeum |
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Leaf blade rounded, leathery, base rounded or shallowly cordate; lateral and reticulate veins abaxially raised; disk segments ligulate or oblong; ovary ovoid, styles longer, bifid to nearly base. |
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4 P. orbicularifolium |
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| 5 (1) |
Branchlets angular, pubescent |
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(6) |
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Branchlets prominently winged, glabrous |
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(8) |
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| 6 (5) |
Leaf blade base oblique; male sepals 6. |
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5 P. breynioides |
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Leaf blade base symmetrical; male sepals 5 |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Pedicels 1-2 mm; branches usually apically clustered; leaves of fertile branches 1-3 × 0.5-1.5 cm, leaf blade abaxially glaucous, lateral veins 6-8 pairs; veins of leaves, petioles, and stipules pilose; fruits glabrous. |
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6 P. anthopotamicum |
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Pedicels 10-25 mm; branches not clustered; leaves of fertile branches 6-12 × 2.5-4.5 cm, leaf blade abaxially greenish, lateral veins 8-12 pairs; veins of leaves, petioles, and stipules glabrous; fruits pubescent. |
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7 P. lativenium |
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| 8 (5) |
Male sepals, disk segments, and stamens 4; ovaries and fruits pubescent. |
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8 P. moi |
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Male sepals and disk segments 5 or 6, stamens 3; ovaries and fruits glabrous |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Leaf blade apex caudate, acumen ca. 1.2 cm, base cuneate or obtuse, lateral veins 10-14 pairs; male sepals and disk segments 6. |
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9 P. caudatifolium |
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Leaf blade apex acute or acuminate, base rounded, lateral veins 6-8 pairs; male sepals and disk segments 5. |
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10 P. dunnianum |
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Lower Taxa
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