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127. Pinalia Lindley, Orchid. Scelet. 14, 21, 23. 1826.
苹兰属 ping lan shu
Authors: Xinqi Chen, Yi-Bo Luo & Jeffrey J. Wood
Eria sect. Hymeneria Lindley; E. sect. Urostachya Lindley; Hymeneria (Lindley) M. A. Clements & D. L. Jones; Urostachya (Lindley) Brieger.
Herbs, epiphytic or terrestrial. Stems close together, elliptic in transverse section, of several equally or unequally enlarged internodes each covered by a semitransparent leaf-sheath, giving rise to a distinct venation on stem, with leaves on upper half or a few leaves near apex. Leaves linear, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, mostly leathery, without a distinct petiole. Inflorescences synanthous, axillary, erect or nodding, racemose, laxly to densely many flowered, leaving a pit on stem when shed, axis usually with small, scalelike brown hairs; floral bracts conspicuous and often large. Flowers widely opening or not, color very variable, small to medium-sized. Sepals densely to sparsely pubescent abaxially; dorsal sepal narrowly triangular or narrowly elliptic; lateral sepals triangular, ventrally broadened at base, attached to a long column foot to form a mentum. Petals similar in size and color to dorsal sepal; lip 3-lobed, hinged at base to column foot; disk usually adorned with papillose keels of various lengths and numbers, or without keels; anther cap easily detached; pollinia 8, clavate.
About 160 species: from NW Himalayas and NE India to Myanmar, S China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, the Malay Archipelago, NE Australia, and the Pacific islands; 17 species (six endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Inflorescence secund. |
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1 P. stricta |
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Inflorescence not secund, usually spirally arranged on axis |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Lip entire, simple |
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(3) |
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Lip 3-lobed |
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(5) |
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| 3 (2) |
Pseudobulbs often branching, branches 10-15 cm, 4-6-leaved; lip with 2 reddish brown basal blotches, disk with 2 short lamellae. |
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2 P. copelandii |
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Pseudobulbs not branching, 3-5-leaved; lip not as above |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Leaves ca. 1 cm wide; sepals ca. 3 mm; lip grooved, disk without keels. |
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3 P. longlingensis |
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Leaves 3.5-4.5 cm wide; sepals ca. 9 mm; lip with 2 dark red keels. |
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4 P. ovata |
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| 5 (2) |
Lip contiguously joined to column foot |
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(6) |
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Lip attached by a hinge to column foot |
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(8) |
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| 6 (5) |
Inflorescence broadly cylindric, densely many flowered, usually 3-5 × 1.5-2.5 cm. |
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5 P. spicata |
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Inflorescence a laxly flowered cylindric raceme |
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(7) |
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| 7 (6) |
Pseudobulbs narrowly obovoid or clavate; leaves 3-6 × 1-2 cm; lip ± rhombic in outline. |
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6 P. bipunctata |
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Pseudobulbs cylindric; leaves 10-15 × 2.6-3 cm; lip broadly ovate in outline. |
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7 P. conferta |
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| 8 (5) |
Pseudobulbs consisting of 1 or 2 distinct internodes |
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(9) |
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Pseudobulbs consisting of several internodes |
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(11) |
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| 9 (8) |
Pseudobulbs 8-17 cm; leaves fleshy, 13-23 × ca. 2 cm; flowers yellowish brown; lip 5-lobed, disk thickened, strongly convex, with 3 transverse basal channels. |
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9 P. pachyphylla |
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Pseudobulbs 2.5-3.5 cm; leaves, flowers, and lip without above combination of characters |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Pseudobulbs cylindric, 0.2-0.5 cm in diam.; flowers 5-10 mm in diam.; lip mid-lobe warty-rugulose; disk with variable calli, usually with 2 basal calli; flowers pale cream-colored, lip with yellowish red markings. |
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8 P. excavata |
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Pseudobulbs ellipsoid, 1-1.5 cm in diam.; flowers ca. 3 mm in diam.; lip mid-lobe not warty-rugulose; disk with 4 or 5 slightly thickened veins; flowers greenish yellow. |
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10 P. yunnanensis |
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| 11 (8) |
Pseudobulbs narrowly cylindric, 8-17 × 0.3-0.8 cm, coherent at base; sepals and petals pure white. |
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11 P. graminifolia |
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Pseudobulbs flasklike or ovoid, shorter and broader, stacked; sepals and petals variably colored |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Pedicel and ovary glabrous |
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(13) |
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Pedicel and ovary pubescent or puberulent |
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(14) |
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| 13 (12) |
Pseudobulbs fusiform, sometimes bottle-shaped, sometimes compressed, 2-4 cm; leaves 4-10 cm. |
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12 P. acervata |
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Pseudobulbs narrowly ovoid or subcylindric, 0.8-2.5 cm; leaves (2-)3-6 cm. |
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13 P. donnaiensis |
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| 14 (12) |
Plants small, 4-7 cm tall; leaves 3.5-5 × 0.5-0.7 cm; inflorescence 1-3-flowered; flowers white; sepals ca. 8 mm; lip ca. 7.5 × 4 mm, mid-lobe ovate, obtuse, thickly verruculose-rugose, disk with 2 short keels. |
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14 P. szetschuanica |
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Plants larger, 12-27 cm tall; leaves 10-25 × 0.8-2.5 cm; inflorescence ca. 6- to many flowered; flowers, sepals, and lip without above combination of characters |
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(15) |
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| 15 (14) |
Lip with 5 obscure keels on disk confluent below. |
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15 P. quinquelamellosa |
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Lip with 3 keels on disk |
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(16) |
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| 16 (15) |
Sepals and petals buff-yellow to greenish yellow with red veins and yellow apices; lip 8-10 × 7-8 mm. |
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16 P. amica |
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Sepals and petals pure white; lip 3-7 × 2-5 mm. |
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17 P. obvia |
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List of lower taxa
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