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8. Pseudophegopteris Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 313. 1963.
紫柄蕨属 zi bing jue shu
Authors: Youxing Lin & Alan R. Smith
Plants medium-sized, terrestrial. Rhizome short and erect, long creeping to ascending, apex with brown lanceolate scales. Fronds clustered, sparse or remote; stipe castaneous or red-brown, less often stramineous or tan, shiny, base sometimes with whitish acicular hairs, sometimes mixed with stellate hairs, distally often glabrescent and smooth; lamina pinnate-pinnatifid to bipinnate-pinnatifid, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, oblong, or ovate, tapering or not to base, acuminate and pinnatifid at apex; pinnae usually opposite or subopposite, spreading or obliquely spreading, pinnae below middle not adnate to rachis, sessile or shortly stalked, lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, bases often broadened, truncate, symmetrical or not, sometimes hastate, apices acuminate; basiscopic segments sometimes longer than acroscopic segments, and basal segments on both sides sometimes prolonged; costae raised on both sides, usually same color as stipes and rachises or lighter colored, abaxially glabrous or with whitish acicular hairs, hairy adaxially; veins free, lateral veins simple or forked, each with a clavate hydathode at end and not reaching margin. Sori oblong, ovate, or suborbicular, borne at middle or above middle, exindusiate. Sporangia glabrous or with short hairs just below annulus. Spores bilateral, orbicular-reniform, perispores thin and transparent, reticulate or foveolate on surfaces, exospore smooth. x = 31.
About 25 species: tropical and subtropical Asia, east to the Pacific islands, to the west reaching to W Africa; 12 species (four endemic) in China.
Citations of Pseudophegopteris paludosa (Blume) Ching from China (Ching, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 315. 1963; Tsai & Shieh, Fl. Taiwan, ed. 2, 1: 401. 1994), a species known with certainty only from Malesia (Holttum, Blumea 17: 91. 1969; Fl. Males., Ser. 2, 1: 347. 1981), perhaps apply to specimens of P. pyrrhorhachis or P. hirtirachis, which are two closely related and similar species.
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| 1 |
Stipes stramineous, bases including abaxial sides of rachises and costae with whitish acicular hairs mixed with irregularly forked or stellate hairs |
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(2) |
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Stipes red-castaneous or castaneous, or if stramineous or brown-stramineous then bases of stipe, abaxial sides of rachis, and costae never with mixed acicular hairs |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Stipes same size or slightly shorter than laminae, 15-30 cm; pinnae with sparse acicular hairs adaxially. |
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1 P. levingei |
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Stipes equal to 1/4 of laminae in length, 8-10 cm; pinnae except costae with sparse acicular hairs adaxially, otherwise glabrous. |
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2 P. brevipes |
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| 3 (1) |
Basal pair of pinnules or segments on proximal pinnae, particularly basiscopic one, clearly longer than adjacent one and also lobed or incised; pinna base asymmetrically hastate |
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(4) |
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Basal pair of pinnules or segments on proximal pinnae same shape and size as distal pinnules/segments on same pinna, or at most slightly inflated; pinnae symmetrically hastate at base, or seemingly not hastate |
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(7) |
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| 4 (3) |
Laminae not tapering to base, i.e., proximal 1 or 2 pairs of pinnae largest; pinnae all sessile. |
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3 P. yigongensis |
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Laminae ?tapering to base, i.e., proximal 1 or 2 pairs of pinnae smaller than distal ones |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Pinnae below middle shortly stalked. |
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4 P. tibetana |
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Pinnae all sessile |
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(6) |
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| 6 (5) |
Rhizome long creeping; stipes nearly same length as or slightly shorter than laminae; laminae papery, drying brownish green, glabrous on both surfaces. |
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5 P. aurita |
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Rhizome shortly creeping to ascending; stipes much shorter than laminae; laminae thinly herbaceous, drying yellowish green, with fine acicular hairs on both surfaces. |
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6 P. subaurita |
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| 7 (3) |
Stipes stramineous, occasionally tan; plants 90-120 cm tall; laminae 60-80 ?20-30 cm; segments toothed along margins. |
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12 P. microstegia |
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Stipes red-castaneous, castaneous-brown, or reddish brown, never stramineous or brown-stramineous; segments entire along margins |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Laminae less than 20 cm wide, pinnate-pinnatifid |
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(9) |
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Laminae wider than 20 cm, pinnate-pinnatisect with pinnules often toothed or lobed, or 2-pinnate-pinnatifid |
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(10) |
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| 9 (8) |
Sori near end of acroscopic veinlet of a forked pair and closer to margin; sporangia lacking hairs; pinnae subglabrous on abaxial surfaces between veins. |
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10 P. zayuensis |
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Sori at middle of ultimate veins, between costae and segment margins; sporangia with 1 or 2 seta(e) below annulus; pinnae with sparse fine acicular hairs on abaxial surfaces between veins. |
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11 P. rectangularis |
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| 10 (8) |
Laminae broadly ovate, proximal pair of pinnae largest, 30-45 ?13-20 cm, pinnules pinnatifid nearly to costules. |
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9 P. yunkweiensis |
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Laminae oblong or oblong-lanceolate, proximal pair of pinnae same size as ones above or slightly shorter, 10-20 ?2.5-7 cm, pinnules pinnatifid to 1/2 of distance to costule |
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(11) |
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| 11 (10) |
Rhizome long creeping; laminae with sparse acicular short hairs or sometimes glabrous on abaxial surfaces; sporangia glabrous. |
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7 P. pyrrhorhachis |
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Rhizome short, ascending; laminae with dense acicular short hairs on abaxial surfaces; sporangia each with 2 or more hairs. |
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8 P. hirtirachis |
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List of lower taxa
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