| 1 |
Leaves reniform to cordate-ovate, base cordate. |
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(2) |
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Leaves not as above. |
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(3) |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves cordate-ovate, adaxially green, abaxially purplish red, margin crenate; calyx lobes triangular;
bracts ovate. |
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3 Pyrola atropurpurea |
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Leaves reniform or reniform-orbicular, adaxially dark green, abaxially light green, margin sinuate; calyx lobes suborbicular; bracts narrowly lanceolate. |
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19 Pyrola renifolia |
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| 3 (1) |
Corolla purplish red or only brownish purple outside. |
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(4) |
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Corolla white, green, yellow, or yellowish green, sometime pinkish red. |
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(6) |
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| 4 (3) |
Plants 8–10 cm tall; leaves 1.8–2.5 × 1.2–1.7 cm; anthers yellow. |
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13 Pyrola markonica |
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Plants taller than 15 cm; leaves ca. 2.5 × 1.7 cm or more; anthers dark purple or red. |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Leaves oblong or oblong-ovate; scale-leaf at base of scape narrowly ensiform; sepals oblong, 2.5–3 mm;
style not exserted. |
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6 Pyrola corbieri |
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Leaves suborbicular, ovate, or ovate-elliptic; scale-leaf at base of scape narrowly oblong or ovate-oblong; sepals triangular-lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm; style exserted. |
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2 Pyrola asarifolia subsp. incarnata |
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| 6 (3) |
Leaves only 1(or 2). |
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(7) |
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Leaves more numerous. |
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(8) |
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| 7 (6) |
Leaves ovate-oblong or elliptic, 1.5–2(–2.5) × 0.8–1(–1.2) cm; sepals lanceolate; style 8–10 mm. |
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11 Pyrola subaphylla |
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Leaves broadly elliptic or suborbicular, 2.7–3 × 2.5–2.6 cm; sepals oblong; style 4–5 mm. |
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17 Pyrola monophylla |
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| 8 (6) |
Leaves thickly leathery, rough, wrinkled. |
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(9) |
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Leaves papery to leathery, smooth, not wrinkled. |
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(11) |
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| 9 (8) |
Bracts broadest above middle; petals oblong, margin dentate, apex broadly rounded. |
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26 Pyrola xinjiangensis |
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Bracts broadest at or below middle; petals ovate-lanceolate to ± triangular, margin entire, apex
obtuse or acuminate. |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Margin of leaf blade sinuate; petals ovate-lanceolate or triangular-lanceolate, apex acuminate. |
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21 Pyrola rugosa |
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Margin of leaf blade crenate; petals triangular or triangular-ovate, apex obtuse, rarely acute. |
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10 Pyrola forrestiana |
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| 11 (8) |
Sepals broadly triangular, ovate-triangular, or triangular-ovate. |
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(12) |
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Sepals ovate to oblong or ligulate. |
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(15) |
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| 12 (11) |
Leaves 1–1.6 × 1–1.2 cm; petals triangular-ovate. |
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5 Pyrola chlorantha |
| + |
Leaves ca. 2 × 1.5 cm or more; petals broadly triangular or ovate-triangular. |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Leaves elliptic or ovate-elliptic; style 6–7 mm. |
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22 Pyrola shanxiensis |
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Leaves broadly elliptic or suborbicular to broadly ovate; style less than 4 mm. |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Margin of leaf blade sinuate; styles 3–3.5 mm, slightly curved towards apex. |
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23 Pyrola sororia |
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Margin of leaf blade crenate; styles 2–2.2 mm, erect. |
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16 Pyrola minor |
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| 15 (11) |
Styles less than 6 mm, not or slightly exserted. |
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(16) |
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Styles ca. 6 mm or more. |
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(17) |
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| 16 (15) |
Leaves elliptic or oblong, 5–7.5 × 2.2–3 cm, margin subentire or sparsely dentate. |
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14 Pyrola mattfeldiana |
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Leaves suborbicular, elliptic, or broadly ovate, 2.9–3.5 × 2.3–2.6(–3) cm, margin sparsely dentate. |
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15 Pyrola media |
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| 17 (15) |
Raceme 1.5–2.8 cm, 3–5-flowered. |
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25 Pyrola tschanbaischanica |
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Raceme longer than 2.8 cm, 5- or more flowered. |
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(18) |
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| 18 (17) |
Sepals ligulate, apex mucronate, margin slightly sinuate. |
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24 Pyrola szechuanica |
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Sepals usually ovate, apex acuminate, margin entire or nearly so. |
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(19) |
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| 19 (18) |
Leaves often with white stripes over veins adaxially. |
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(20) |
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Leaves without white stripes over veins adaxially, or inconspicuous if present. |
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(21) |
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| 20 (19) |
Leaves ovate or ovate-elliptic, 3–4 × 1.5–3 cm, base broadly rounded to cuneate, often oblique; petals obovate-orbicular. |
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1 Pyrola alboreticulata |
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Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, (3–)5–7 × 2.5–3.5(–4) cm, base cuneate; petals ovate-oblong. |
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8 Pyrola decorata |
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| 21 (19) |
Leaf margin crenate; petiole more than 1.5 × as long as leaf blade. |
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18 Pyrola morrisonensis |
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Leaf margin entire or sinuate; petiole less than 1.5 × as long as leaf blade. |
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(22) |
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| 22 (21) |
Leaves narrowly oblong, leaf blade 2.5–3 × as long as wide, apex acute. |
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9 Pyrola elegantula |
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Leaves suborbicular, broadly ovate to elliptic, leaf blade less than 2 × as long as wide,
apex obtuse to rounded. |
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(23) |
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| 23 (22) |
Sepals lanceolate-triangular; style 1.1–1.3 cm; bracts linear-lanceolate. |
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11 Pyrola subaphylla |
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Sepals narrowly lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or ligulate; style shorter than 1 cm; bracts lanceolate or long ligulate. |
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(24) |
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| 24 (23) |
Sepals lanceolate. |
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(25) |
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Sepals ligulate or ovate-lanceolate. |
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(26) |
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| 25 (24) |
Flowers 0.8–1 cm in diam.; sepals ca. as long as or slightly longer than petals. |
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12 Pyrola macrocalyx |
| + |
Flowers 1.5–2 cm in diam.; sepals ca. 1/2–2/3 as long as petals. |
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20 Pyrola rotundifolia |
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| 26 (24) |
Leaves light green abaxially; flowers ca. 1 cm in diam.; sepals 3–4 mm, margin sparsely slightly denticulate. |
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7 Pyrola dahurica |
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Leaves often glaucous abaxially; flowers 1.5–2 cm in diam.; sepals 5–7.5 mm, margin entire. |
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4 Pyrola calliantha |
