戟叶蓼 ji ye liao

Polygonum arifolium Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 168. 1784, not Linnaeus (1753); Helxine arifolia Rafinesque; Persicaria sinica Migo; P. thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) H. Gross; P. thunbergii var. stolonifera (F. Schmidt) H. Gross ex Nakai; Polygonum hastatotrilobum Meisner; P. pteropus Hance; P. sinicum (Migo) Fang & Zheng; P. stellatotomentosum W. W. Smith & Ramas.; P. stoloniferum F. Schmidt; P. thunbergii var. stoloniferum (F. Schmidt) Makino; Tracaulon thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) Greene; Truellum thunbergii (Siebold & Zuccarini) Soják.

Herbs annual. Stems erect or ascending, 30-90 cm tall, angulate, with recurved prickles, rooting at nodes in lower part. Petiole 2-5 cm, retrorsely prickly; leaf blade hastate, both surfaces sparsely bristly, rarely stellate hairy, base subcordate or truncate, margin shortly ciliate, middle lobe ovate to broadly ovate, apex acuminate, basal lobes smaller, apex acute or obtuse; ocrea tubular, short, membranous, usually apex with green herbaceous wing, margin entire or crenate, shortly ciliate. Inflorescence capitate; peduncle branched, pubescent below, glandular hairy in upper part; bracts lanceolate, margin ciliate, each 3- or 4-flowered. Pedicels shorter than bracts, glabrous. Perianth pinkish or white, 5-parted; tepals elliptic, 3-4 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 8, in 2 whorls, included. Styles 3, connate to below middle; stigmas capitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, yellow-brown, opaque, broadly ovoid, trigonous, 3-3.5 mm. Fl. Jul-Sep, fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 40*.

Wet valleys, grassy slopes; 100-2400 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, ?Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, ?Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, ?Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East)].