红花疆罂粟 hong hua jiang ying su

Roemeria bicolor Regel; R. rhoeadiflora Boissier.

Herbs, annual, 20-40 cm tall. Taproot terete, vertical, to 8 cm, few branched. Stems erect, terete, branched, sparsely dark setaceous. Basal leaves many; petiole 3-8 cm, dark setaceous, basally with inflated sheath; blade green, ovate, 3-8 cm, bipinnatipartite, abaxially sparsely setaceous, both surfaces with distinct veins; lobules linear or linear-oblong. Cauline leaves similar to basal but smaller and shortly petiolate to almost sessile. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel to 14 cm, with appressed dark bristles. Flower buds semi-nodding, oval, 1.5-2 cm. Sepals ovate, galeate, sparsely setaceous. Petals orange-red to scarlet, often with a black, white-margined, basal blotch, ovate to suborbicular, 2-3 cm. Stamens numerous; filaments linear, ca. 1 cm; anthers oblong, ca. 1 mm. Ovary terete, 1-1.8 cm, glabrous; styles short; stigmas 4-lobed, decurrent. Capsule narrowly terete, upward attenuate, 4-5 cm, glabrous, with 1 setaceous appendix between 2 lobes of stigmas, incurved and extending beyond stigmas, when mature usually 4-valvate from apex to base, smooth or somewhat bristly. Seeds many, reniform, adaxially alveolate. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun. 2n = 14.

Slopes, deserts, plains, meadows, weed of oases and arable lands; 900-1100 m. Xinjiang (Ili He valley) [Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; SW Asia (Caucasus to Iran)].