京芒草 jing mang cao

Stipa pekinensis Hance, J. Bot. 15: 268. 1877; Achna-therum effusum (Maximowicz) Y. L. Chang; A. extremi-orientale (H. Hara) Keng; A. pekinense subsp. effusum (Maximowicz) T. Koyama; S. extremiorientalis H. Hara; S. japonica (Hackel) Hackel; S. sibirica (Linnaeus) Lamarck var. effusa Maximowicz; S. sibirica var. japonica Hackel.

Perennial, loosely tufted, scaly buds at base. Culms erect, 60–150 cm tall, 1.8–3 mm in diam., 3–4-noded. Leaf sheaths smooth, lower longer than internodes; leaf blades linear or broadly linear, flat or margins inrolled, 20–50 cm, 4–10 mm wide, abaxial surface smooth, adaxial surface and margins scabrid, apex finely acuminate; ligule truncate, 1–1.5 mm. Panicle open, sometimes effuse, 12–40 cm; branches 2–4 per node, bare below middle. Spikelets 8–13 mm, yellowish green or purplish; glumes subequal or lower glume slightly longer, elliptic-oblong, 3-veined, smooth, glabrous, apex of lower glume acuminate, of upper glume acute or denticulate; callus obtuse, 0.3–0.5 mm; lemma narrowly lanceolate, 5–7 mm, leathery, pilose, hairs slightly longer upward, 0.6–1.2 mm at awn base, margins overlapping and enclosing palea, apex very shortly toothed; awn persistent, stiff, 2–3 cm, 1-geniculate, column twisted, minutely hispidulous, bristle scabrid. Anthers 4–6 mm, bearded at apex. Fl. and fr. Jul–Oct.

Open forest, among shrubs, roadsides; 300–3600 m. Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Yunnan [Japan, Korea, E Russia].

This species is often confused with Achnatherum sibiricum, and intermediates appear to be common.