沼生水葱 zhao sheng shui cong

Scirpus lacustris Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 48. 1753.

Rhizomes stout, horizontally creeping. Culms erect, green, 1-2.5 m tall, ca. 2(-3) cm thick, terete, smooth. Leaves mostly reduced to a sheath, glabrous; basal sheath brownish; apical 2 sheaths with leaf blades; leaf blade subulate to linear, 1-10 cm. Involucral bract 1, culmlike, subulate, as long as to slightly overtopping inflorescence. Inflorescence a pseudolateral simple or decompound anthela; rays 2-8, unequal in length, 5-8 cm. Spikelets reddish brown, oblong to ovoid, 0.6-1.5 cm, apex acute. Glumes ovate, abaxially glabrous, margin ciliate, apex emarginate with a 1-veined costa excurrent into a short awn. Perianth bristles 5 or 6, slightly longer than nutlet, retrorsely scabrous. Stamens 3; anthers linear, 1.5-2 mm; connective apex with a pyramidal-ovoid bearded appendage. Stigmas 3. Nutlet grayish, obovoid, ca. 3 mm, compressed 3-sided (ridge evident on abaxial surface when immature). Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 38, 42, 80.

Swamps, shallow water; ca. 1000 m. Xinjiang (Shawan) [Afghanistan, N India, Kashmir, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; N and S Africa, SW Asia, Europe].