西伯利亚紫菀 xi bo li ya zi wan

Aster sibiricus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 872. 1753; A. ircutianus Candolle; A. sachalinensis Kudô.

Herbs, perennial, [1-]5-35[-60] cm tall; rhizome thin. Stems usually ascending, sometimes decumbent, often purplish, simple or sometimes branched basally or above, densely villous (sometimes lanate below capitula). Leaves: basal small, deciduous at anthesis; mid cauline sessile, blade oblong to lanceolate [or lanceolate-ovate, obovate, or spatulate], [2.5-]5-8[-9.5] × [0.6-]1-1.7[-3.5] cm, markedly veined, abaxially glabrescent or scabridulous, adaxially sparsely to ± densely villous or villous-strigose, base attenuate to cuneate, subclasping, margin serrate [or entire], apex acute; upper gradually reduced, linear-oblong. Capitula solitary or 2-5[-50] in dense corymbiform synflorescences. Involucre campanulate, 10-13 mm in diam.; phyllaries 3- or 4[or 5]-seriate, purplish wholly or at apex, densely villous, membranous, green zone in distal 1/3-4/5, truncate basally, or outer often leaflike, apex ± squarrose, outer oblong-lanceolate, 4-5 × ca. 1 mm, 1-veined, margin narrowly scarious, apex acute, inner linear-lanceolate, 4-5 × 1-1.5 mm, apex acuminate. Ray florets 12-50, purple [or white to pale violet], tube 3-4 mm, lamina 7-17.5 × 0.8-1.8 mm; disk florets 25-125, yellow becoming purplish, [5-]6.5-7[-8.1] mm, tube ca. 3 mm, limb funnelform, lobes purplish, triangular, 0.5-1.1 mm. Achenes brown, fusiform, strigillose, veins 7-10. Pappus dark cinnamon to reddish, ± equaling to slightly longer than disk corolla. Fl. Jul-Aug.

Grasslands on hills; ca. 300 m. Heilongjiang [Japan, Mongolia, E Russia; N Europe, NW North America].