疣粒稻 you li dao

Oryza granulata Nees & Arnott ex Watt, Dict. Econ. Prod. India 5: 500. 1891; O. meyeriana var. granulata (Nees & Arnott ex Watt) Duistermaat; O. meyeriana subsp. tuberculata W. C. Wei & Y. G. Lu.

Perennial, loosely tufted or sometimes shortly stoloniferous. Culms erect or ascending, 30–70 cm tall, ca. 1.5 mm in diam. Leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, auricles ciliate; leaf blades thin, 5–20 × 0.6–2 cm, inrolled when dry, abaxial surface smooth, adaxial surface scabrid along veins, margins scabrid, base rounded, narrowed at insertion, apex acuminate; ligule 1–2 mm. Panicle narrow, erect, 3–15 cm; branches 2–5, inserted singly, 2–6 cm, unbranched, ascending, bearing few spikelets. Spikelets elliptic-oblong, 5–6.5 mm, length 2–3 times width, light green or gray; sterile lemmas narrowly lanceolate, slightly unequal, ca. 1 mm; fertile lemma irregularly granular, flanks sulcate, apex obtuse or shortly 3-toothed, awnless. Anthers 3.5–4.5 mm. Caryopsis brown, 3–4 mm. Fl. and fr. Oct–Feb. 2n = 24.

Hill forests, on well drained soils and damp places by streams; (below 100–)500–1000 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand].

The typical subspecies occurs in Indonesia and the Philippines. It has longer, (6–)7–10 mm spikelets, with length 3–6 × width. The two subspecies grade into each other. Oryza meyeriana is easily distinguished, as it is the only wild rice in China without awns. It is unlike other members of the genus, both in its low stature and shady upland habitat requirements. Phylogenetically this species has been shown to be basal in the genus, with genome GG.