无叶美冠兰 wu ye mei guan lan

Cyrtopera zollingeri H. G. Reichenbach, Bonplandia 5: 38. 1857; C. formosana Rolfe; C. papuana Ridley (1886), not Kraenzlin (1898); C. rufa Thwaites; C. sanguinea Lindley; Cyrtopodium rufum (Thwaites) Trimen; C. sanguineum (Lindley) N. E. Brown; Eulophia carrii C. T. White; E. formosana (Rolfe) Rolfe; E. macrorhiza Blume; E. ochobiensis Hayata; E. papuana (Ridley) J. J. Smith (1909), not Schlechter (1905), nor F. M. Bailey (1907); E. sanguinea (Lindley) J. D. Hooker; E. yushuiana S. Y. Hu; Graphorkis macrorhiza (Blume) Kuntze; G. papuana (Ridley) Kuntze; G. rufa (Thwaites) Kuntze; G. sanguinea (Lindley) Kuntze.

Plants heteromycotrophic, without green leaves, (15-)40-80 cm tall. Pseudobulb subterranean, tuberous, pale yellow, suboblong, 3-16 × 1.5-5 cm, many noded, with many stout roots. Inflorescence brownish red, racemose, (15-)40-80 cm, stout, with several scattered, clasping sheaths; rachis 4-13 cm, laxly 8- to more than 20-flowered; floral bracts narrowly lanceolate to almost subulate, 10-25 mm, subequal in length to or exceeding ovary, apex acuminate. Flowers suberect, spreading, or nodding, dull purple-red to brownish yellow, medium-sized, 25-30 mm in diam.; pedicel and ovary 16-20 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, 15-23 × 4-7 mm, apex acuminate; lateral sepals suboblong, slightly oblique, 16-25 × 6-9 mm, adnate at base to column foot, apex acuminate. Petals oblanceolate, 11-18 × 5-7 mm, apex mucronate; lip adnate to column foot, subobovate or oblong-obovate, 14-15 × 15-18 mm, shortly saccate-spurred at base, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect and loosely embracing column, subovate or oblong, 3-4 × ca. 4.5 mm, apex rounded; mid-lobe ovate, 4-7 × 3-5 mm, with 5-7 thickened, papillose veins, margin undulate, apex apiculate; disk sparsely papillose, with 2 central, suborbicular lamellae; spur broad, conic, ca. 2 mm. Column ca. 5 mm; column foot 4-5 mm. Fl. Apr-May. 2n = 34.

Sparse forests, bamboo forests, grassy slopes; sea level to 500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, S Jiangxi, Taiwan, C Yunnan [India, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Malaysia, New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia].