5a. Ixeris chinensis subsp. chinensis
中华苦荬菜(原亚种) zhong hua ku mai cai (yuan ya zhong)
Prenanthes chinensis Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 714. 1784; Barkhausia tenella Bentham; Chondrilla chinensis (Thunberg) Poiret; Ixeridium chinense (Thunberg) Tzvelev; Ixeris chinensis var. saxatilis (Kitamura) Kitamura; I. lacerrima (Hayata) Kitagawa; Lactuca chinensis (Thunberg) Nakai; L. flavissima Hayata; L. lacerrima Hayata; L. lacerrima var. saxatilis Kitamura; L. taitoensis Hayata; Paraixeris chinensis (Thunberg) H. S. Pak; Youngia chinensis (Thunberg) Candolle.
Herbs 20-35 cm tall. Stems usually several, ascending-erect to erect. Rosette leaves to 15 cm. Stems leaves usually 2-4. Capitula with 20-25 florets. Involucre 6-8 mm. Florets pale to bright yellow. Achene 4-6 mm. Fl. and fr. May-Oct. 2n = 16*.
Grasslands on mountain slopes, open areas, degraded shrublands, thickets, riverbanks, rock crevices, fields, field margins, roadsides; below 100-4000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, ?Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, ?Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [?Cambodia, Korea, Laos, E Russia, ?Thailand, Vietnam].