| 1 | Galea with several distinct marginal teeth on each side; lower corolla lip margin serrulate. |  | (2) | 
  | + | Galea with 1 marginal tooth or sometimes additionally obscurely denticulate on each side; lower corolla lip margin entire or slightly praemorse. |  | (5) | 
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  | 2 (1) | Galea acute or pointed at apex; lateral calyx lobes elliptic or broadly ovate, distinctly serrate. |  | (3) | 
  | + | Galea rounded at apex, not pointed or acute; lateral calyx lobes narrowly long, obscurely serrate. |  | (4) | 
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  | 3 (2) | Stems usually fascicled, many branched apically; inflorescences compact; corolla pale yellow; calyx slightly cleft anteriorly; leaves 20--50 X 11--22 mm |  | 247 Pedicularis lutescens | 
  | + | Stems single, unbranched; inflorescences interrupted; corolla purplish red; calyx slightly cleft anteriorly; leaves 8--11 X 4--6 mm |  | 248 Pedicularis laxispica | 
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  | 4 (2) | Plants (6--)10--20 cm tall; inflorescences to 9.5 cm; corolla 2.2--2.5 cm; filaments pubescent basally |  | 249 Pedicularis polyodonta | 
  | + | Plants 2--6 cm tall; inflorescences 2--2.5 cm; corolla 1.9--2 cm; filaments glabrous |  | 250 Pedicularis lyrata | 
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  | 5 (1) | Corolla with dark colored spots; lower lip margin entire. |  | (6) | 
  | + | Corolla without spots; lower lip margin ± praemorse. |  | (7) | 
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  | 6 (5) | Plants (10--)20--30(--50) cm tall; roots few, fusiform, fleshy; leaves in whorls of 3 or 4 |  | 240 Pedicularis stenocorys | 
  | + | Plants less than 7 cm tall; roots numerous, slender; leaves opposite |  | 241 Pedicularis dolichoglossa | 
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  | 7 (5) | Stems and branches glabrous or barely with 2 lines of hairs. |  | (8) | 
  | + | Stems and branches densely pubescent. |  | (9) | 
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  | 8 (7) | Leaves to 12 X 10 mm; stems 4--15 cm tall; middle lobe of lower corolla lip ca. as long as lateral lobes |  | 242 Pedicularis cymbalaria | 
  | + | Leaves 2--6 X 1.5--4 mm; stems 3.5--4.5 cm tall; middle lobe of lower corolla lip ca. 2 X as long as lateral lobes |  | 243 Pedicularis inaequilobata | 
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  | 9 (7) | Corolla yellow; lobes of lower lip nearly equal |  | 244 Pedicularis tomentosa | 
  | + | Corolla red to rose; lobes of lower lip unequal, middle lobe distinctly largest. |  | (10) | 
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  | 10 (9) | Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, 1.5--2.5 cm X 8--12 mm, crenate-dentate; filaments glabrous |  | 245 Pedicularis rizhaoensis | 
  | + | Leaves triangular or triangular-ovate, 0.8--1.2 cm X 6--8 mm, pinnatifid; filaments sparsely pubescent basally |  | 246 Pedicularis deltoidea |