Larix decidua subsp. sibirica (Ledebour) Domin; L. decidua var. sibirica (Ledebour) Regel; L. russica (Endlicher) Sabine ex Trautvetter; L. sukaczewii Dylis; Pinus larix Linnaeus var. russica Endlicher.

Trees to 40 m tall; trunk to 80 cm d.b.h.; bark dark gray to dark brown, rough, longitudinally fissured; crown conical, branchlets not pendulous, yellow or yellowish gray, glossy, densely hairy when young, glabrescent; short branchlets densely grayish hairy at apex; winter buds subglobose. Leaves 2-4 cm, keeled abaxially, apex acute or obtuse. Seed cones purplish or reddish brown, rarely green, maturing pale brown or purplish brown, ovoid or narrowly so, 2.5-4.5 × 2-3.5 cm. Seed scales 25-40, ovate or narrowly rhombic-ovate, 1.5-2 × 1-1.8 cm, usually densely rusty brown pubescent abaxially, rarely subglabrous, apex obtuse. Bracts included, violet, oblong-lanceolate, 1/4-1/2 as long as seed scales, midvein elongated into a caudate cusp. Seeds light gray, obliquely obovoid, 1-1.5 cm including wing. Pollination May, seed maturity Sep-Oct.

The timber is used for construction, bridge building, vehicles, poles, and making furniture, and the bark yields tannins. The species is also cultivated for afforestation and as an ornamental.

Mountains, lowland taiga; 500-3500 m. Xinjiang [Mongolia, E Russia]