Lobelia pumila N. L. Burman, Fl. Indica 186. 1768; Hornemannia bicolor Willdenow; Lindernia japonica Thunberg; Mazus japonicus (Thunberg) Kuntze; M. rugosus Loureiro; M. vandellioidesHance ex Hemsley; Tittmannia obovataBunge; Vandellia obovata Walpers.

Plants more than 10 cm. Stems few, few branched. Petiole of basal leaves shorter than blade; leaf margin dentate or lobed. Racemes 5-20-flowered. Pedicel 5-12 mm. Calyx not enlarged in fruit. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct.

Wet grassland, along streams, trailsides, waste fields, edge of forests; below 2500 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Indonesia, Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Kashmir, Korea, New Guinea, Philippines, Russia, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].