鳞叶凤尾藓

Fissidens sylvaticus Griff., Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 2: 507. 1842.

Plants medium-sized, growing in dense tufts. Leafy stems simple, occasionally branched, 4.5–16.0 mm long, 2.0–4.6 mm wide; axillary hyaline nodules not developed; cortical stem-cells small and thick-walled, central strand not well developed. Leaves in 6–17 pairs, more or less overlapping, middle to upper leaves ovate-lanceolate, 1.6–3.3 mm × 0.5–0.8 mm, acute to mucronate at apex; base of dorsal laminae usually rounded, sometimes broadly wedge-shaped; vaginant laminae 1/2 –3/5 the leaf length, slightly unequal; costa stout, percurrent to shortly excurrent; margins serrulate; cells of apical and dorsal laminae rounded-hexagonal to hexagonal, 7–11 µm long, thin-walled, mammillose, obscure; cells of vaginant laminae similar to those of apical and dorsal laminae, but with thicker walls and higher mammillae, larger toward the base near costa. Dioicous. Female inflorescences lateral. Perichaetial leaves differentiated, narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1.3 mm long. Archegonia 370–426 µm long. Setae 11–16 mm long; capsules horizontal to inclined, asymmetrical, curved, constricted below capsule mouth when dry; urns ca. 1 mm long; exothecial cells rectangular-hexagonal, with thickened longitudinal and thin transverse walls; opercula long rostrate; peristome teeth 0.56–0.63 mm long, 127–156 µm wide at base, with distinct projections on the articulations. Spores 10–18 µm in diameter.

Type. Europe.

Chinese specimens examined: GUANGXI: Long-sheng Co., P.-C. Wu & Y.-X. Lin 1530 (PE, SYS). GUIZHOU: Gui-yang City, Guiyang Teacher’s College 24 (PE, SYS); Jiang-kou Co., Crosby 15671 (MO). HEILONGJIANG: C. Gao 13351 (IFSBH, SYS). HUNAN: Zhang-jia-jie, D.-K. Li 18468 (SHM, SYS), L. Zhang 306 (HKAS, NICH). JIANGSU: H.-L. Qing 202 (PE, SYS). JIANGXI: Lu Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 366 (IBSC, SYS). JILIN: C. Gao 1539 (IFSBH, SYS). LIAONING: Ben-xi, C. Gao & G.-C. Zhang 8386 (IFSBH, SYS). SICHUAN: Omei Shan (Mt.), P.-J. Lin 3250 (IBSC, SYS). TAIWAN: Ali Shan (Mt.), Yang et al. 2605 (MO); Ilan Co., S.-H. Lin 6766 (NICH, TUNG); Nan-tou Co., S.-H. Lin 3974a (NICH, TUNG); Tai-chong Co., Koponen 17752 (H); Tai-tung Co., M.-J. Lai 9586 (H). XIZANG: Lin-zhi Co., Y.-G. Su 2585 (HKAS, NICH); Mo-tuo Co., Y.-G. Su 4208 (HKAS, NICH). YUNNAN: An-ning Co., Redfearn & M. Zang 33348 (MO); Gong-shan Co., M.-Z. Wang 11524a (PE, SYS); Jing-dong Co., J.-K. Zhang 1804 (IFSBH, SYS); Jing-hong Co., Redfearn et al. 33683 (MO); Kun-ming City, Koponen 37461 (H. SYS); Lu-nan Co., Koponen 37370 (H, SYS); Meng-la Co., Redfearn et al. 33765 (MO); Song-ming Co., Koponen 37703 (H, SYS); Wei-xi Co., M.-Z. Wang 3562a (PE, SYS); Yang-bi Co., Redfearn et al. 973 (MO). ZHEJIANG: Xi-tian-mu Shan (Mt.), R.-L. Hu 30 (HSNU); Shang-si Co., D.-K. Li 3914 (SHM, SYS).

Habitat: on soil, rarely on rocks; Distribution: widely distributed in the world.

Fissidens taxifolius is characterized by its highly mammillose cells of the vaginant laminae.

Illustrations: Z.-H. Li 1985 (Fig. 21, i–t).