侧出藓

Plants rather robust, 3–6 cm high, greenish brown, in loose tufts. Stems erect, usually branched, with brood branches. Leaves densely arranged, contorted-curved when dry, squarrose when moist, ovate-lanceolate, sheathing at the base, gradually acuminate; margins undulate, slightly incurved, serrate in the upper half, entire in the lower half; costa stout, shortly excurrent; upper leaf cells irregularly rounded-hexagonal, densely papillose; basal cells enlarged, rectangular, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, basal marginal cells slightly differentiated. Sporophytic characters the same as those of the genus.

Type. Europe.

Chinese specimens examined: HENAN: Xin-yang Co., M. Liu 2372 (PE). SICHUAN: Chong-qing City, P.-C. Chen 5025, 13958 (PE); Jiang-bei Co., L.-Q. Xia 169 (PE). YUNNAN: Kun-ming City, Z.-M. Li 8308 (HYUB); Li-jiang Co., J.-F. Fang 13957 (HKAS).

Habitat: on forest ground or soil near streams; Distribution: China, Himalayas, western Asia, Russia, Europe, North America, and northern Africa.

Illustrations: Zander 1993 (Pl. 16, figs. 1–10).