Dicranodontium attenuatum (Mitt.) Wils. ex Jaeg., Verh. S. Gall. Naturw. Ges. 1877–78: 380. 1880. Dicranum attenuatum Mitt., J. Proc. Linn., Bot., Suppl. 1: 22. 1859. Synonymized by Frahm (1997). Dicranodontium caespitosum (Mitt.) Par., Ind. Bryol. 337. 1898. Dicranum caespitosum Mitt., J. Proc. Linn., Bot., Suppl. 1: 22. 1859. Synonymized by Frahm (1997). Dicranodontium decipiens (Mitt.) Mitt. ex Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 10: 190. 1924. Dicranum decipiens Mitt., J. Proc. Linn., Bot., Suppl. 1: 16. 1859. Synonymized by Frahm (1997). Dicranodontium longigemmatum (C. Gao) J.-P. Frahm, Crypt. Bryol. Lich. 15: 196. 1994. Campylopus longigemmatus C. Gao in Gao, Zhang & Cao, Acta Bot. Yunnan 3: 392. 1981. Type. China: Xizang (Tibet), Co-na Co., S.-K. Chen 5152a (holotype IFSBH). Synonymized by Frahm (1997). Dicranodontium subintegrifolium Broth., Akad. Wiss. Wien, Sitzungsber., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. Abt. 1, 133: 562. 1924. Type. China: Yunnan, Li-jiang Co., alt. 2950–3050 m, Handel-Mazzetti 4217 (holotype H). Synonymized by Frahm (1997).

Plants small to medium-sized, 6–20(–25) mm high, caesitose, brownish green, dark green or yellowish brown, in somewhat shiny, dense tufts. Stems erect, usually unbranched, or branched with proliferatiing growth by innovations; sometimes bearing 1-2 filamentous, yellowish, node-like gemmae in leaf axils; central strand present. Leaves up to 8 mm long, erect-patent or somewhat flexuose when dry, falcate-secund when moist, linear-lanceolate, gradually tapered from a narrowly ovate base to a long, attenuated, canaliculate acumen; margins entire, or only minutely serrulate at tips; costa brownish, occupying ca. 2/5 –3/4 the leaf base width, long-excurrent in an awn; upper cells sublinear, 50–65 µm × 4–5 µm, several rows of elongate cells, extending from the base, forming a marginal border; inner basal cells close to the costa broader, 30–60 µm × 20–25 µm, thin-walled, hyaline; alar cells slightly inflated to inflated, forming well marked auricles. Dioiocus. Perichaetial leaves not much differentiated. Setae up to 1.2 cm long, spirally twisted when moist, straight or irregularly curved when dry, reddish brown; capsules ovoid to short-cylindric, 1.2–2.0 mm × 0.6 mm, reddish brown, exothecial cells more or less rectangular, thin-walled to moderately thick-walled; opercula obliquely long-rostrate; peristome teeth divided nearly to the base, vertically striate below, papillose above, reddish. Spores spherical, ca. 14 µm in diameter, brownish.

Type. India: Griffith s.n.

Chinese specimens examined: FUJIAN: Wuyi Shan (Mt.), D.-K. Li & C.-H. Gao 17545 (IFSBH, SHM). GUANGDONG: Ru-yuan Co., P.-J. Li 290 (IBSC, IFSBH). GUANGXI: Long-sheng Co., P.-C. Wu & Y.-X. Lin 1866 (IFSBH, PE); Xing-an Co., C. Gao & G.-C. Zhang 1344 (IFSBH). GUIZHOU: Jiang-kou Co., C. Gao & J.-Y. Gao 32217 (IFSBH). HAINAN: Wuzhi Shan (Mt.), Z. Huang 35508 (IBSC, IFSBH). HUNAN: Heng Shan (Mt.), T. Cao s.n. (IFSBH). SICHUAN: A-ba Co., S. He 30926 (MO, PE); Ba-tang Co., S. He 31330 (MO, PE); Dao-cheng Co., S. He 31865 (MO, PE); Ma-er-kang Co., S. He 31134 (MO); Mu-li Co., C. Gao 20288 (IFSBH); Nan-ping Co., S. He 30090 (MO, PE); Omei Co., Raven et al. 89 (MO); Ruo-er-gai Co., S. He 30871 (MO, PE); Song-fan Co., S. He 30546a (MO, PE); Tian-quan Co., S. He 32119 (MO, PE); Ya-jiang Co., S. He 32009 (MO, PE). XIZANG: Cha-yu Co., M.-Z. Wang 1859(d) (PE); Cuo-na Co., Xizang Team 7402, 7952 (PE); Ding-jie Co., Z.-C. Ni 156 (IFSBH, PE); Ji-long Co., S.-K. Chen 242 (IFSBH, KUN); Lang-xian Co., M. Zang 1744 (IFSBH, KUN); Mi-lin Co., M. Zang 1926 (KUN); Mo-tuo Co., Y.-G. Su 1777 (IFSBH, KUN); Mt. Everest, X.-G. Wang 83 (MO); Nyain-rong Co., Zhiamu, S. Jiang Q132 (IFSBH, PE); Ya-dong Co., M. Zang 560 (IFSBH, KUN). YUNNAN: Da-guan Co., X.-J. Li 4062 (KUN); Dali Co., Handel-Mazzetti 6390 (H); Salwin, Handel-Mazzetti 9130 (H); Gong-shan Co., M.-Z. Wang 9359(D-3) (IFSBH, PE); Kunming City, W.-X. Xu 31 (IFSBH, YUKU); Li-jiang Co., W.-X. Xu 364, (IFSBH); Song-ming Co., W.-M. Zhu 6414 (IFSBH, YUKU); Teng-hong Co., Yunnan Univ. 4 (YUKU); Wu-ding Co., Q. Yang 9 (IFSBH, YUKU). ZHEJIANG: Tian-mu Shan (Mt.), R.-L. Hu 100(d) (HSNU, IFSBH).

Habitat: on rotten wood or soil and rocks under forests; Distribution: China, Bhutan, Nepal, India, Myanmar, and Thailand.

Illustrations: Pl. 35, figs. 1–13.