Orthodicranum hamulosum (Mitt.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. (ed. 2) 10: 203. 1924. Dicranum crispo-falcatum Schimp. ex Besch., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sér. 7, 17: 331. 1893. Dicranum fauriei Broth. & Paris, Bull. Herb. Boissier sér. 2, 2: 920. 1902. Dicranum perindutum Card., Bull. Herb. Boissier sér. 2, 7: 715. 1907. Dicranodontium tenii Broth. & Herz., Hedwigia 65: 150. 1925. Type. China: Yunnan, Kunming, Pe Yen Tsin, alt. 3000 m, Handel-Mazzetti 36 (holotype H). Synonymized by Frahm (1997).

Plants small to medium-sized, to 2.5 cm high, soft, yellowish to dull yellowish green, somewhat shiny, in compact tufts. Stems erect, closely foliate, simple or branched, radiculose at base; central strand present. Leaves 4–6 mm long, falcate-secund, crispate when dry, erect-spreading when moist, narrowly lanceolate, gradually narrowed to a long, subtubulose acumen; margins plane, entire below, bistratose above the middle, double-toothed in the upper part; costa stout, percurrent to shortly excurrent, spinose at back above; upper cells quadrate or irregularly linear-rectangular, mammillose at back; basal cells narrowly rectangular, linear at the margins, thick-walled, porose; alar cells well developed, inflated, thin-walled, mostly unistratose, occasionally bistratose, with some incrassate cells between the alar region and the costa. Dioicous. Perichaetial leaves sheathing at base, with costa excurrent ending in a long hairpoint. Setae single, ca. 12 mm long, straight to straight-sinuose when dry, reddish; capsules erect, short-cylindric, symmetric, slightly curved when dry; opercula straight, long-rostrate; annuli absent; peristome teeth linear-lanceolate, divided to the middle, papillose or indistinctly papillose above, faintly vertically striolate below. Spores 20–22 µm in diameter, pale yellowish, minutely papillose.

Type. Japan.

Chinese specimens examined: GUANGXI: Xing-an Co., C. Gao & G.-C. Zhang 1704 (IFSBH). HAINAN: Wuzhi Shan (Mt.), Yue 77 Collecting Team 2319 (IBSC). JILIN: An-tu Co., C. Gao 1090 (IFSBH). SICHUAN: Omei Shan (Mt.), C. Gao et al. 1940 (IFSBH). TAIWAN: Jia-yi Co., Iwatsuki et al. 123 (NICH); Ping-dong Harbor, C.-C. Chuang 1479 (UBC). Tai-chuang Co., M.-J. Lai 10042 (MO). XIZANG: Cha-yu Co., M.-Z. Wang 8768 (PE). YUNNAN: Wei-xi Co., M.-Z. Wang 5147(d) (IFSBH, PE). ZHEJIANG: Xitianmu Shan (Mt.), R.-L. Hu 26 (HSNU).

Habitat: on bases of trees; Distribution: China, Japan, and Russian Far East.

Illustrations: Pl. 42, figs. 1–8.