Plants rather robust, bright green, reddish brown when old, in loose tufts. Stems erect, simple or irregularly branched, radiculose at base; central strand present. Leaves contorted-curved to somewhat crisped when dry, spreading or sometimes reflexed when moist, oblong-elliptic to oblong-ligulate, broadly acute at apex, upper lamina broadly channeled or keeled, weakly sheathing at base; margins often recurved, crenulate by projecting papillae, usually forming a differentiated border, consisting of several rows of thick-walled, or sometimes elongated cells, yellowish or brownish; costa rather stout, often reddish brown, excurrent, ending in a long, hyaline awn, often denticulate on the back or at tips; upper leaf cells subquadrate to hexagonal, each cell densely covered with several C-shaped papillae; basal cells distinctly differentiated, rectangular, thin-walled, hyaline, smooth. Autoicous. Setae elongate, straight, reddish brown; capsules erect, cylindrical; peristome teeth 32, filiform, twisted, papillose.

Type. China: Xizang, Jia-li Co., D.-D. Tao 5313a (holotype HKAS).

Specimens examined: SHAANXI: Hu Co., Z.-P. Wei 4437, 4533 (HKAS). SICHUAN: De-rong Co., X.-J. Li 811537, 811566 (HKAS). XINJIANG: Taxkorgan Co., Y. Xia 36 (HKAS). XIZANG: Jiang-zi Co., S.-K. Chen 4950 (HKAS); Lang Co., M. Zang 1709 (HKAS); Long-zi Co., Zhun-ba, M. Zang 1068 (HKAS), San-an-qu-lin, M. Zang 1326, 1403 (HKAS); Meng-kang Co., M. Zang 5221 (HKAS). YUNNAN: Li-jiang Co., X.-J. Li 85340 (HKAS).

Habitat: on boulders, flooded plains, forest ground, or grasslands; Distribution: endemic to China.

Illustrations: Pl. 132, figs. 1–6.