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12. Galium boreale L., Sp. Pl. 108. 1753. DC., l.c. 600; Lamk., Encycl. 2: 576. 1786; Hook. f., l.c. 205; Boiss., l.c. 48; Robed., l.c. 349; Ehrend in Koie & Rech. f., l.c. 140; Bamber, l.c. 152; Kitam., Fl. Afgh. 368. 1960; Pl. W. Pak. & Afgh. 137. 1964; Bailey, Man. Cult. P1.927. 1966; Ehrend. in Turin et al., Fl. Europ. 4: 19. 1976.
S. NAZIMUDDIN AND M. QAISER
Galium nervosum Lamk.
Erect herb, 20-60 cm high. Stems 4-angled, glabrous, 15-40 (-50) x 2-8 (-12) mm, rarely younger branches shortly hairy. Leaves 4 in a whorl, broadly to narrowly lanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous, trinerved, margin and nerves shortly scabrid, otherwise glabrous. Inflorescence of oblong-pyramidal of terminal and axillary cymes, branches divaricate, usually short. Flowers many; pedicels (1-) 2-4 (-6) mm, filiform, glabrous; bracts ovate or elliptic, 2-4 (-6) mm long, Corolla 3-4 mm in diameter, lobes elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, 1.5-2 mm long. Fruit 1.5-2 mm in diameter with white, short appressed and hooked hairs.
Fl. Per.: June-September.
Type: Described from Northern Europe, Herb. Linn. 129/25 (LINN).
Distribution: Europe, Asia minor, Caucasus, Siberia, Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan, India, Kashmir, Korea, China, Japan and North America.
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