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2c. Salix Linnaeus subg. Longifoliae (Andersson) Argus, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 52: 57. 1997.
Salix [unranked] Longifoliae Andersson, Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 15: 116. 1858
Shrubs or trees, 0.5-17 m, clonal by root shoots. Stems erect; branches flexible at base, not or weakly glaucous. Buds alba-type, scale margins connate. Leaves: stipules on early ones absent, rudimentary, or foliaceous, on late ones foliaceous or rudimentary, rarely absent, (usually deciduous in autumn); petiole usually shallowly grooved, sometimes flat to convex adaxially, not glandular; largest medial blade usually amphistomatous, sometimes hypostomatous, linear, lorate, narrowly elliptic, or narrowly oblanceolate, 2.8-37.5 times as long as wide, angle of base and of apex less than 90o, surface hairs white; juvenile blade hairs white. Catkins flowering as leaves emerge or throughout growing season by syllepsis from lateral buds (branched or unbranched); staminate on flowering branchlet, slender to stout; pistillate on flowering branchlet, loosely to densely flowered, slender or stout; floral bract usually tawny (sometimes brown or greenish), apex entire, toothed, or erose; pistillate bract deciduous after flowering. Staminate flowers: abaxial nectary present or absent; stamens 2; filaments distinct, hairy; anthers usually yellow, sometimes reddish turning yellow. Pistillate flowers: abaxial nectary sometimes present; ovary not glaucous, hairy or glabrous, beak usually abruptly tapering to or bulged below styles; ovules 12-36 per ovary; styles usually connate, sometimes distinct; stigmas usually flat, abaxially non-papillate with rounded tip, or stigmas slenderly or broadly cylindrical, or 2 plump lobes.
Species 8 (7 in the flora): w North America, Mexico.
SELECTED REFERENCES Argus, G. W. and C. L. McJannet. 1992. A taxonomic reconsideration of Salix taxifolia sensu lato (Salicaceae). Brittonia 44: 461-474. Brunsfeld, S. J., D. E. Soltis, and P. S. Soltis. 1992. Evolutionary patterns and processes in Salix section Longifoliae: Evidence from chloroplast DNA. Syst. Bot. 17: 239-256. Dorn, R. D. 1998. A taxonomic study of Salix section Longifoliae (Salicaceae). Brittonia 50: 193-210.
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| 1 |
Ovaries glabrous or glabrescent |
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(2) |
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Ovaries pilose, villous, or long-silky |
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(5) |
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| 2 (1) |
Largest medial blades lorate, narrowly oblong, narrowly elliptic, narrowly oblanceolate, or linear, 2.4-8(-15.1) times as long as wide; juvenile blades reddish or yellowish green, villous abaxially; proximal blade margins entire or serrulate; branchlets gray-brown to dark red-brown; floral bracts tawny or brown. |
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21 Salix melanopsis |
| + |
Largest medial blades linear to lorate, 4.6-37.5 times as long as wide; juvenile blades yellowish green, silky abaxially; proximal blade margins entire; branchlets yellowish, yellow-brown, or red-brown; floral bracts tawny (or greenish) |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Largest medial blade margins entire, not glandular-dotted; juvenile blades short- silky abaxially; pistillate catkins densely flowered. |
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18 Salix exigua (in part) |
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Largest medial blade margins spinulose-serrulate or, if entire, glandular-dotted; juvenile blades long-silky abaxially; pistillate catkins loosely flowered |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Largest medial blades: abaxial surface usually densely silky or pilose, adaxial sparsely silky to glabrescent, margins usually entire, slightly revolute; petioles pubescent adaxially; staminate adaxial nectaries 0.3-0.8 mm; capsules 3-10 mm. |
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18 Salix exigua (in part) |
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Largest medial blades: abaxial surface usually glabrescent, sometimes densely villous or long-silky, adaxial usually glabrescent, sometimes densely villous to pilose, margins remotely spinulose-serrulate, flat; petioles glabrous or villous adaxially; staminate adaxial nectaries 0.6-1.4 mm; capsules (4-)5-8(-10) mm. |
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19 Salix interior (in part) |
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| 5 (1) |
Largest medial blades 5.6-24(-42 in S. taxifolia) mm; catkins 4-23 mm |
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(6) |
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Largest medial blades 30-160 mm; catkins 9-90 mm |
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(7) |
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| 6 (5) |
Largest medial blades lorate, narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceolate, 2.1-13.3 times as long as wide, margins entire or serrulate; stipules on late leaves foliaceous; stigmas 0.6-0.92 mm; staminate abaxial nectaries absent; stipes 0.2-1.2 mm (see S. taxifolia) |
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Salix microphylla [p. 60] |
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Largest medial blades linear, lorate, or narrowly oblanceolate, 5.8-24.6 times as long as wide, margins usually entire, rarely spinulose-serrulate; stipules on late leaves absent or rudimentary; stigmas 0.4-0.6 mm; staminate abaxial nectaries 0.1-0.6 mm; stipes 0-0.3 mm. |
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17 Salix taxifolia (in part) |
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| 7 (5) |
Petioles glabrous, puberulent, pubescent, or villous adaxially |
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(8) |
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Petioles short- or long-silky adaxially |
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(11) |
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| 8 (7) |
Branchlets and juvenile blades moderately to densely short-silky-villous; pistillate catkins densely or moderately densely flowered; stipes 0-0.2 mm. |
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18 Salix exigua (in part) |
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Branchlets and juvenile blades sparsely to densely long-silky; pistillate catkins loosely flowered; stipes 0.2-0.9 |
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(9) |
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| 9 (8) |
Largest medial blades: abaxial surface silky or pilose, adaxial sparsely silky to glabrescent, margins usually entire, slightly revolute; petioles pubescent adaxially; staminate adaxial nectaries 0.3-0.8 mm; capsules 4-8 mm. |
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18 Salix exigua (in part) |
| + |
Largest medial blades: abaxial surface glabrous, glabrescent, densely villous, or long- or short-silky, adaxial usually glabrescent, sometimes moderately densely villous to pilose, margins usually spinulose-serrulate, flat; petioles glabrous or villous adaxially; staminate adaxial nectaries 0.6-1.4 mm; capsules 6-10 mm |
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(10) |
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| 10 (9) |
Ovaries glabrous or sparsely long-silky; largest medial blades moderately densely hairy or glabrous; staminate abaxial nectaries present; floral bracts sparsely hairy; capsules (4-)5-8(-10) mm. |
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19 Salix interior (in part) |
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Ovaries moderately to very densely short-silky or villous; largest medial blades moderately to very densely appressed hairy; staminate abaxial nectaries absent; floral bracts moderately to very densely hairy; capsules (2.5-)4-7 mm. |
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20 Salix thurberi (in part) |
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| 11 (7) |
Largest medial blades usually less than 42 mm; beak of ovary gradually tapering to style or slightly bulged below style. |
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17 Salix taxifolia (in part) |
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Largest medial blades usually greater than 42 mm; beak of ovary abruptly tapering to style |
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(12) |
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| 12 (11) |
Plants of Texas. |
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20 Salix thurberi (in part) |
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Plants of California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia |
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(13) |
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| 13 (12) |
Petioles long-silky adaxially (hairs 0.5 mm or longer); juvenile blades villous or long-silky; largest medial blades with submarginal glands. |
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23 Salix sessilifolia |
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Petioles short-silky adaxially (hairs shorter than 0.5 mm); juvenile blades short-silky; largest medial blades with marginal glands |
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(14) |
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| 14 (13) |
Branchlets pubescent or villous with soft spreading, sometimes appressed, hairs; stigmas slenderly cylindrical; largest medial blade margins entire or remotely spinulose-serrulate; stipes 0-0.2 mm; proximal blade margins entire; shrubs or trees 1-17 m. |
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18 Salix exigua (in part) |
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Branchlets glabrous, pubescent or puberulent, hairs appressed; stigmas broadly cylindrical; largest medial blade margins remotely spinulose-serrulate or sinuate; stipes 0.2-0.7 mm; proximal blade margins entire or remotely spinulose-serrulate; shrubs 2-6.5 m. |
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22 Salix columbiana |
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Lower Taxa
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