茶匙黃

Viola kiusiana Makino in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 16:138, 1902; 19:73. 1905. Viola diffusa Ging. var. glabella Boiss. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 8:742, 1908; Lin in Taiwania 1:272, 1950.

Perennial herb; rhizome erect to ascending, rather thin, fibrillose, bearing rosette of leaves and flowers and procumbent rooting stem at apex. Stems up to 38 cm, rooting at ends and producing dense rosettes of leaves and flowers. Leaves 1-4 cm long, 1-3 cm broad, smaller on stolons, suborbicular to ovate or, elliptic, cuneate to shallowly cordate at base, subacute to rounded or obtuse at apex, crenate to serrate-crenate on margin, long decurrent on petiole, hirsute or rarely glabrous, herbaceous; petioles 1-7 cm long. Stipules 5-9 mm long, 1-1.5 mm oroad, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, acuminate at apex, dentate to ciliate on margin, free. Flowers 7-13 mm across, pale violet to almost white; peduncles 1.5-7 cm long, exceeding leaves. Sepals 3-6 mm long, 1-1.5 mm broad, lanceolate, acute at apex, sparsely pubescent, fimbrio-ciliate on margin, green; appendages up to 0.5 mm long, rounded, fimbrio-ciliate. Petals obovate, the basal shortest, acute at apex, laterals bearded; spurs 0.5-1 mm long, obtuse. Style c. 1.2 mm long, geniculate at base, clavate distally, with two lateral lobes at apex, anterior stigmatic beak. Capsules 4-6 mm long, ellipsoid, glabrous. Seeds ovoid, c.0.8 mm long. Chromosome number: n = 13.

Keelung : Keelung, Sasaki s.n. Mar. 1913 (TAIF). Taipei : Taipei, Sasaki s.n. Mar. 11, 1908 (TAIF); Yangmingshan, C. Chen s.n. May 17, 1985; Chishingshan, Ying 773 (NTUF); Tsutzuhu, Ito s.n. Feb. 15, 1914 (TAIF), Kawakimi & Yosi s.n. Feb. 25, 1911 (TAIF); Luchiaoken, Ho 210 (NTUF); Pitan, Chuang 2585; Wantan, Shimizu 2070, 2316; Hsintien, S. Suzuki s.n. Oct. 9, 1926; Pitanshan, Shimizu 2117; Peihsinchuang, Ou & Kao 9273; Tatunshan-Peihsinchuang, Lin s.n. Mar. 21, 1986; Huangtitien, Wang 3372, 4344, s.n. Jun. 2, 1985; Urai, Wang 3585; Hsiaokotou-Lutsutan, Hsu 6520; Chuchih, Sasaki s.n. Apr. 3, 1915 (TAIF); Jiajouling, Mori s.n. Mar. 11, 1906 (TAIF); Sanhsia, Sasaki s.n. Nov. 23, 1909 (TAIF); Kueishan, Simada 994; Rimogan, T. Suzuki 18459, Kawakimi & Mori 5068 (TAIF); Kasinokihira, S. Suzuki 6299; Keelungshan, Wang 3500; Seikitei, Sasaki & Fuji s.n. Mar. 1913 (TAIF). Taoyuan : Wuliao, Mori 2673, Kawakimi & Mori 3653; Paling-Tamanshan, Yang 1282; Ssuling-Paling, Wang 3532. Hsinchu : Wutzushan, Kawakimi 5990 (TAIF). Miaoli : Tahu, Simada 4003, Sasaki s.n. May 6, 1908, s.n. May 5, 1908 (TAIF). Taichung : Sentangping, Sasaki s.n. Feb. 5, 1925; Chingshan, Wang 5058; Chingshan-Kukuan, Wang 2972, 3489; Wuling farm, Wang 3897, 4339; Kukuan, H. C. Chen s.n. Mar. 13, 1986. Changhua : Yuanlin, Kawakimi s.n. Mar. 1907 (TAIF). Nantou : Chitou tract, Chuang et al. 3282 (TAI)(NTUF); Rengechi, Kwan 92; Kwantaoshi, Hsu & Kuoh 10608, 10622, 10651, Wang 4199; Shanlinshi, Yang s.n.; Lushan, S. F. Huang s.n. Jan. 23, 1987; Tongpu-Dueikuan, Wang 4277, 4278, 4279; Dueikuan-Kwankao, Yang s.n. oct. 22, 1986; Chingshuikou, Huang 1009 (TAI)(NTUF); Musya-Santinozyo, Masamune, Mori & Nakahara 1988; Hoyosha, Kanehira & Sasaki s.n. Mar. 9, 1918 (TAIF); Tungpu-Futzu cliff, Yang s.n. Mar. 29, 1986. Chiayi : Tatachia, Tsann 42; Chiaoliping, Hayata s.n. Mar. 27, 1914 (TAIF); Funchihu, Hayata s.n. Mar. 27, 1914 (TAIF); Alishan, Hsu & Kuoh 6858. Kaohsiung : Mt. Bui, Matada s.n. Mar. 30, 1917 (TAIF); Weiliaoshan, Yamada 28. Pingtung : Wutai, I. S. Chen 1559; Ssuchungshi, Sasaki s.n. Feb. 1910. Ilan : Yappitu-Ryohen, S. Suzuki 6008; Rumoan-Sikikun, S. Suzuki 4929; Kinyan-Piyahau, S. Suzuki 6377; Kankei-Koro, S. Suzuki 5883; Sikikun-Ugan, S. Suzuki 4978; Tuchang-sikilin, Chang 245; Shuanglienpei, Wang 5065, 5068. Hualien : Mukuashan, Nakamura 4432; Tongli, S. Suzuki 1595; Namakoyama, Taroko,S. Suzuki 10559; Tongli-Panpien, collector unknown 1627; Shashi logging tract (Chingshuishan), Huang et al s.n. Jul. 23, 1986; E-W cross island highway, T. S. Hsieh 36 (TAIF). Taitung : Feng-Chiachiadai, Yamamoto & Mori 96; Litao, Wang 4269; Litao-Tienlung Bridge, Wang 4271, 4272; Tienlung Bridge, Wang 4273, 4274; Torin, Tanaka 10386 (NTUF); Lanyu, Kawakimi & Sasaki s.n. Jul. 1911.

Himalayas, India, China, Indo-China, S. Japan, the Ryukyus, the Philippines and New Guinea.