Alpinia japonica (Thunb.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Lugd.-Bat., 3: 140. 1867. Henry, List Pl. Form. 119. 1896; Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 5: 220. 1915; Moo, Fl. Taiwan 5: 835. 1978; Wu & Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 16(2): 102. 1981; R. M. Smith, Edinburgh J. Bot. 47(1): 47. 1990; J. J. Yang & J. C. Wang in S. T. Chiu & C. I. Peng, Proc. Cross-Strait Symp. Florist. Diversity Conserv. 191. 1998.
山薑
Globba japonica Thunb., Fl. Jap. 23. 1784.
Languas japonica (Thunb.) Sasaki, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 14: 84. 1924.
Alpinia agiokuensis Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 9: 118. 1920.
Plant 0.5-0.7 m, villose. Leaves petiolate, petioles 0.5-3.0 cm long; blade 22-45 × 6-10 cm, oblong to lanceolate, tip acuminate, base oblique or cuneate, chartaceous, villose on both sides; ligule 0.4-0.8 cm long, bilobed. Inflorescence a thyrse, erect, villose, flower-bearing part 12-18 cm long, rachilla 0.2-0.8 cm long, with 1-3 flowers, bract minute, deciduous. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 0.1-0.2 cm long; bracteole oblong, 0.5 cm long, glabrous, deciduous; calyx red, tubular, 1.0-1.2 cm long, shortly 3-lobed; corolla-tube white, 1.2-1.3 cm long, lobes oblong, red, dorsal lobe 1.2 × 0.7 cm, laterals 1.0 × 0.4 cm; labellum white, involute, 1.2 × 1.0 cm, with red stripes at center and margin, apex emarginate or 2-lobed; staminodes linear, red, 0.6 cm long; anther 0.7 cm long, with crest at apex; thecae parallel; filament 0.8 cm long; stigma expanded, ciliated orifice; style slender, 2.8 cm long; epigynous glands columnar, free, brownish-yellow, 0.3-0.4 cm long; ovary white, villose. Fruits indehiscent, red, ellipsoid, 1.8-2.5 × 1.3 cm, smooth, villose. Seeds 16-20, with double arils, angular; aril white, membranous.
TAIPEI : Tsaonkuanliaoshan, Chen s.n. Apr. 14, 1991 (TAIF); Pinghsi, Yang 1646; Tatungshan, Moo 71 (TAI), Yang 968, 1608, 1780(TNU); Wulai, Moo 55, 2111, 2481 (TAI), Sasaki s.n. Apr. 1924 (TAIF); Hsiungkung, Yang 803, 1818, 1480(TNU); Sanhsia, Wang 3277 (TAI), Liao 157 (HAST); Agioku, Hayata s.n. May 1916 (Type of Alpinia agiokuensis, TAIF !). TAOYUAN : Sanmin, Yang 1353(TNU). HSINCHU : Hsinchu, Sasaki s.n. Jan. 1924 (TAIF), Shimada s.n. Apr. 1922. ILAN : Bonbonshan, Kao 5950 (TAI); Shuangleinpei, Yang 679, 938, 1089, 1688, 1704(TNU); Taipingshan, Suzuki s.n. Aug. 19, 1925, s.n. Aug. 12, 1928 (TAI).
S. China and Japan. Taiwan, in broad-leaved forest at low altitudes.
