島田氏月桃

Alpinia shimadae Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 5: 219. 1915; Moo, Fl. Taiwan 5: 837. 1978; Wu & Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 16(2): 95. 1981; R. M. Smith, Edinburgh J. Bot. 47(1): 58. 1990; J. J. Yang & J. C. Wang in S. T. Chiu & C. I. Peng, Proc. Cross-Strait Symp. Florist. Diversity Conserv. 192. 1998. Languas shimadae (Hayata) Sasaki, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 14: 86. 1924. Alpinia mediomaculata Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 9: 122. 1920. Languas mediomaculata (Hayata) Sasaki, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 14: 85. 1924. Alpinia densespicata Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 9: 119. 1920; Moo, Fl. Taiwan 5: 833. 1978. Languas densespicata (Hayata) Sasaki, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 14: 84. 1924. Alpinia dolichocephala Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 9: 119. 1920; Moo, Fl. Taiwan 5: 833. 1978; Wu & Chen, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 16(2): 96. 1981; R. M. Smith, Edinburgh J. Bot. 47(1): 43. 1990. Languas dolichocephala (Hayata) Sasaki, Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Form. 14: 84. 1924.

Plant 2.0-2.5 m. Leaves sessile to subsessile; blade 50-70 × 5.5-12 cm, oblong to lanceolate, tip acuminate, base cuneate, membranous, glabrous on both sides except for margin and below midrib; ligule 1.0 cm long, entire or bilobed, coriaceous, hairy on outer surface. Inflorescence spicate, erect, flower-bearing part 20-25 cm long, rachis villose, without bract; Flowers pedicellate, pedicel 0.1-0.2 cm long; bracteole pale white; calyx pale green to pink, tubular, 1.3 cm long, shortly 2-lobed and deeply split unilaterally, minutely pubescent on outer surface; corolla white, tube 1.2 cm long, base pink, lobes oblong, outer surface sparsely pubescent, margin ciliate, dorsal lobe 2.5 × 2.0 cm, laterals 2.5 × 1.0 cm; labellum white to pink, ovate, involute, margin crispate, 3.7-4.0 × 3.5-4.0 cm, with red stripes and spots in the center, apex emarginate; staminodes none or minute; anther 1.2-1.6 cm long; filament band-form, 1.5 cm long, sparsely hairy; stigma funnel-form, apex sparsely hairy; style slender, ca. 3 cm long; epigynous glands yellow-brown, columnar, united on one side, 0.3 cm long; ovary pale green, golden-yellow villose, 0.4 × 0.3 cm. Fruits capsular, red, 1.3 × 1.5 cm, globose, costate, sparsely pubescent. Seeds 15-25, black-brown, angular, aril white, membranous .

TAIPEI : Sanhsia, Yang 1456, 1468, 1824, 1878(TNU); Kueishan, Yang 980, 1101, 1615, 2031(TNU), Moo 2467 (TAI); Hsiaokotou; Yang 868, 1243, 1501, 1650, 1830, 1854(TNU); Hsintien, Yang 1891(TNU); Yangminshan, Yang 2007(TNU). TAOYUAN : Palin, Yang 764, 1354(TNU); Chilan, Yang 778, 1717(TNU); TAICHUNG : Kao 9344, 9358 (TAI). NANTOU : Chunglia, Yang 1231(TNU); Hsinyi, Yang 1741, 1746, 1754(TNU), Huang 2207 (TAI); Sun-moon-lake, Yang 1325, 1761, 1882, 2041(TNU), Moo 2101 (TAI). CHIAYI : Tapu, Yang 1011 1906, 2046(TNU); Funchifu, Hayata s.n. Mar. 1910. TAINAN: Chiahsien, Yang 1032(TNU). PINGTUNG : Manchu, Yang 1768, 1834(TNU). ILAN : Shuanglanpei, Yang 704, 956, 1079, 1690, 1692, 1927, 2004(TNU). HUALIEN : Tienshung, Yang 815(TNU).

Endemic, at low altitude throughout the island.