短毛菫菜

Viola stenocentra Hayata ex Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 36:38, 1922; Lin in Taiwania 1:280, 1950. (Syntypes, Niinami 1898, TAIF!; Kawakamii & Mori 2011, TAIF!; Mori 1769, TAIF!) Viola pseudojaponica Nakai in Bot. Mag. Tokyo 42:561, 1928; Walker, Fl Okinawa 742, 1976. syn. nov. Viola yedoensis Makino var. pseudojaponica (Nakai) Hashimoto in Journ. Jap. Bot. 51:340, 1976. syn. nov. Viola philippica (non Cav.) Sasaki, List Pl. Form. 298, 1928; Hsieh in Li et al. Fl. Taiwan 3:779. 1977 (excl. pl. 815 ). Viola japonica (non Langsdorf) Matsumura & Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 22:29. 1906; Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 25:52. 1908, Icon. Pl. Form. 1:61. 1913. Viola minor (non Makino) Hashimoto in Bull. Jap. Assoc. Bot. Gard. 1959, 34 (pro parte).

Perennial herb; rhizome erect, rather stout, bearing white or yellowish brown roots below and rosette of leaves and flowers at apex, acaulescent. Leaves 2-8 cm long, 0.8-6.5 cm broad, ovate or triangular-ovate to deltoid, deeply to shallowly cordate or reniform-cordate at base, with prominently basal lobes usually somewhat converging, obtuse to rounded at apex, round-crenate to crenate-serrate on margin, long-decurrent on petiole, glabrous or puberulent on both surfaces, herbaceous; petioles 2-25 cm long. Stipules 3-8 mm long, c. 1mm broad, linear-lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate, acuminate, short-fimbrio-dentate, glabrous, green to pale fuscous, adnate to petiole to 3/4 length. Flowers 12-20 mm across, violet or purple; peduncles 5-16 cm long, equalling or exceeding leaves, glabrous or puberulent. Sepals 3.5-9 mm long, 1-2 mm broad, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute or acuminate, entire, glabrous or ciliolate; appendages 1-2 mm long, incised, denticulate to nearly rounded, glabrous or pubescent. Petals obovate to oblanceolate, laterals bearded or beardless, the basal emarginate or truncate at apex; spurs 3.5-6 mm long, much exceeding calycine appendages, slender, cylindrical, laterally compressed, obtuse, straight or slightly curved. Styles 1.4-2 mm long, geniculate at base clavate distally, with prominent marginal lobes at apex, anterior stigmatic beak. Capsules 6-10 mm long, ellipsoid, glabrous. Seeds ovoid, 1.2-1.4 mm long. Chromosome number: n = 12.

Keelung : Keelung, Kawakami s.n. Feb. 29, 1913, Lin & Lin s.n. Mar. 11, 1988. Hayata s.n. Mar. 10, 1916 (TAIF), Sasaki s.n. Mar. 1913 (TAIF); Hopingtao, Wang 3497, 3498, Tang 281. Taipei : Taipei, Sasaki s.n. Feb. 25, 1927, s.n. Mar. 10, 1916, A. T. Hsieh s.n. Mar. 1923 (TAIF); Daigaku-nodyo, S. Suzuki 10073; NTU Campus, Wang 3431, 3432, 5070; Sizangan, Nonaka & Mori s.n. Apr. 2, 1933, Simada s.n. Oct. 18, 1914 (TAIF); Mutzushan, Wang 3043; Suigenchi, S. Suzuki 7721, s.n. Mar. 18, 1928, Simizu 193; Santyori, T. Suzuki 4028; Oyayubi, S. Suzuki 12200; Shirin, Fuji s.n. Mar. 1913 (TAIF); Dingpeitou, Simada s.n. Dec. 13, 1914 (TAIF); Tsutzuhu, Kawakami & Sasaki s.n. Feb. 25, 1911 (TAIF); Yangmingshan, Simada s.n. Oct. 1913 (TAIF), Sasaki s.n. Nov. 1919 (TAIF); Tatunshan, T. Suzuki 6777, 6768, S. Suzuki 10202, Sasaki s.n. Dec. 1908 (TAIF); Mohen, S. Suzuki 6103; Nankang, Nakamura 4272; Tomitocho, Tanaka 13483 (TAI)(NTUF); Pachina, Niinami 1898 (Type of Viola stenocentra, TAIF!); Lungdong, Tang s.n. Mar. 11, 1988; Yenliao, S. F. Huang s.n. Mar. 11, 1988; Tatunshan-Peihsinchuang, Lin s.n. Mar. 21, 1986; Sansya, Wang 3472, 5076; Pass Sorei, S. Suzuki 9225; Pinglin, H. N. Yang 1478; Urai, Wang 3586 Sasaki s.n. Jan. 1913 (TAIF); Fulung, Wang 881; Yehliu, Wang 4221, 4222, 4220, Kuo 6104; Hsiaokeelung, Sasaki s.n. Mar. 24, 1924 (TAIF); Shihmen, S. H. Lin 705, Huang 8274; Tansui, Simada 1189, H. N. Yang 2276, Kawakami & Simada 4263 (TAIF); Mentienshan, Simada s.n. Oct. 31, 1914 (TAIF); Kwanyinshan, S. Suzuki 11929, Simada s.n. Jan. 6, 1915 (TAIF); Shihting, Sasaki s.n. Mar. 1913 (TAIF); Huangdidien, Wang s.n. Jun 2, 1985. Taoyuan : Chiaopanshan, Mori & Simada s.n. Mar. 24, 1909 (TAIF); Hsutzoukang, Sasaki s.n. May 11, 1908 (TAIF); Tawanping, Mori s.n. Mar. 16, 1906 (TAIF); Amuping, Mori 2695 (pro parte)(TAIF); Chonli, Kao 10182; Nankan, T. Suzuki 5845; Paling, Yang 1246, Peng 1057; Ssuling-Paling, Wang 3535, 3536. Hsinchu : Lidungshan, Chen s.n. Mar. 8, 1987; Sintiku, Ohnema 59, Simada 1183e (NTUF); Wutzushan, Kawakami s.n. Dec. 1904 (TAIF), s.n. Apr. 1906 (TAIF); Kuansi, Yang s.n. Mar. 1, 1987. Miaoli : Miaoli, Huang 13017, Sasaki s.n. May 3, 1908 (TAIF); Naiwan, Sasaki s.n. May 4, 1908 (TAIF); Tahu, Wang 5078. Taichung : Ensyurin, S. Suzuki s.n. Dec. 13, 1922; Mt. Hassen, S. Suzuki s.n. Oct. 22, 1929; Lishan, Kao 5074; Tapan, Kuo 7679; Kukuan-Chingshan, T. Y. Yang 1390; Chingshan, Wang 3488, 5059; Jiayang, Wang 5061; Wuling Farm, Wang 4335, 3896. Changhua : Yuanlin, Kawakami s.n. Mar. 2, 1907 (TAIF). Nantou : Chitou, Cheng s.n. Mar. 2, 1968; Chingshuikou, Huang, Kou & Kao 773; Tungpu, Jeng 2491; Tungpu-Futsu cliff,Yang s.n. Mar. 29, 1986; Wushie, Mori 4534 (TAIF), S. F. Huang s.n. Jan. 21, 1987, s. n. Jan. 22, 1987, S. Suzuki s.n. Jan. 31, 1922, I. M. Liu 43 (NTUF); Wuchie, Hsu 11337; Musya-Santinozyo, Masamune, Mori & Nakamura 1980; Lushan, Wang 4197, S. F. Huang s.n. Jan. 23, 1987; Hoshe 25th Comp.,C. C. Kuo 252 (NTUF); Hoshie tract, Huang 2181, 2212. Chiayi : Alishan, Huang & Kao 1613; Tsutouchi, Simada s.n. Dec. 19, 1906 (TAIF); Hsihchihlu-Fushan, Yang s.n. Jan. 16, 1987; Mt. Niitaka, Kawakami & Mori 2011 (Type of Viola stenocentra, TAIF!); Tappansya, Mori 1769 (Type of Viola stenocentra, TAIF!). Kaohsiung : Rikiriki-Kikamon, Kudo & Mori 2884; Hakuhyo, S. Suzuki 7134; Sehshan, Huang 6479; Meishan, Wang 4228; Fanshuliao, Mori 3104 (TAIF), s.n. Nov. 31, 1907 (TAIF). Pingtung : Ali, Wang 3450; Naibun-Suigenchi, Kudo & Mori 1522; Hengchun, Ito, s.n. Mar. 1914 (TAIF); Kuraru, Kudo & Suzuki 15883; Garanbi, Kawakami & Nakahara 858 (TAIF); South Cape, Kudo & Suzuki 15752; Kuskus, Kudo & Suzuki 15961; Nanjenshan, Yang 308. Ilan : Suao, Sasaki s.n. Dec. 10, 1921, Kawakami s.n. Feb. 27, 1914 (TAIF); Tungao, Hsieh et al. s.n. Mar. 14, 1987, Wang 5063; Ugan-Pianan-anbu, S. Suzuki 5029; Kinyan-Piyahau, S. Suzuki 6378; Wushihbi, S. F. Huang et al. 3713. Hualien : Hualien, Huang 4965; Tienhsiang, T. Shimizu & Kao 10627; Lintienshan, Peng 2617 Taitung : Hachiriwan-Kioish, Yamamoto 899; Hsinkangshan, Yamamoto 903; Shihningpu, Yamamoto 896; Palishi, Yamamoto 897; Kibisha, Yamamoto 2207; Taito-chiyo, Tokiwa, T anaka 10308, (NTUF); Tzoushishie, Mori s.n. Dec. 6, 1905 (TAIF); Karenwan, Nakahara 700 (TAIF); Chiakankei, Mori s.n. Jan. 17, 1907 (TAIF); South Cross Island Highway, S. Huang 1089; Litao-Tienlung Bridge, Wang 4270; Central Mt. Range, Mori s.n. Dec. 1908 (TAIF); Ahisen, Central Mt. Range, Kawakami & Sasaki s.n. Jan. 1, 1910 (TAIF); Lanyu, Huang et al. 10651.

S. China, Indo-China, Java, the Philippines, the Ryukyus.