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1. Ailanthus Desfontaines, Mém. Acad. Sci. (Paris). 1786: 265. 1788.
臭椿属 chou chun shu
Trees or small trees. Branchlets pubescent, with a pith. Leaves alternate, pinnate; leaflets 13-41, opposite or nearly so; blades papery or thinly leathery, base oblique, margin entire or serrate, apex acuminate, base sometimes 1- or 2-dentate on either side, teeth glandular abaxially at apex. Flowers small, polygamo-dioecious, in axillary or terminal thyrses. Sepals 5, imbricate. Petals 5, valvate. Disk 10-lobed. Stamens 10, inserted at base of disk, undeveloped or rudimentary in pistillate flowers. Carpels 2-5, free or slightly connate only at base; ovules 1 or 2 per locule, campylotropous or anatropous; styles 2-5, connate, but only with female trace in male flowers. Samarium oblong-elliptic, with a seed surrounded by wing. Seed flat, rounded, obovate or slightly deltoid, with some endosperm or without; endocarp thin; cotyledons compressed.
About ten species: Asia to N Oceania; six species (five endemic) in China.
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| 1 |
Leaflet blade entire, base without marked teeth on either side; carpels 3-5 |
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(2) |
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Leaflet blade entire, sinuous, or shallowly sinuous-dentate, base with 1 to several teeth on each side; carpels 5 |
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(4) |
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| 2 (1) |
Small trees; carpels 5, lower portion of filaments glabrous. |
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3 A. fordii |
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Trees, 15-40(-45) m tall; carpels 3, filaments pilose proximally (unknown in A. guanxiensis) |
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(3) |
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| 3 (2) |
Samarium 4.5-8 × 1.5-2.5 cm. |
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1 A. triphysus |
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Samarium 12-15 × 3.5-4 cm. |
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2 A. guangxiensis |
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| 4 (1) |
Branches with soft thorns when young; leaflet blade with 2-4 teeth on either side, petiole sometimes with thorns. |
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4 A. vilmorinianus |
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Branches without soft thorns when young; leaflet blade base with 1 or 2 teeth on either side, petiole without thorns |
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(5) |
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| 5 (4) |
Branches yellow or yellow-brown, pilose when young, then glabrescent; leaflet blade margin entire. |
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5 A. altissimus |
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Branches gray-white or gray-brown, pilose; leaflet blade margin sinuous or shallowly sinuous-dentate. |
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6 A. giraldii |
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Lower Taxa
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