1 |
Fruit with wings or bristles membranous-saccate. |
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1 C. calliphysa |
+ |
Fruit with wings or bristles not membranous-saccate. |
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(2) |
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2 (1) |
Fruit with wings along ribs; not with bristles; wings entire. |
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(3) |
+ |
Fruit with bristles on ribs or narrow wings with bristles at margin. |
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(5) |
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3 (2) |
Old branches light gray or yellow; wings nearly membranous, softer. |
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2 C. leucocladum |
+ |
Old branches dark in color, gray-brown, purple-brown, or dark red; wings not membranous. |
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(4) |
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4 (3) |
Old branches gray-brown; wings nearly membranous; perianth white. |
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3 C. aphyllum |
+ |
Old branches dark red or purple-brown; wings subleathery; perianth pink or red. |
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4 C. rubicundum |
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5 (2) |
Fruit narrowly winged with bristles; bristles flat at base. |
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(6) |
+ |
Fruit not winged, with bristles on ribs, often not flat at base. |
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(10) |
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6 (5) |
Wings submembranous, entire; bristles soft, simple or forked at tips, slender, setose. |
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5 C. cordatum |
+ |
Wings stiffly subleathery, margin narrowing to bristles; bristles stiff, forked at tips, thick. |
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(7) |
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7 (6) |
Fruit globose or subglobose, densely bristly; achenes coniform. |
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6 C. densum |
+ |
Fruit ovoid or subglobose, sparsely bristly; achenes ellipsoid, ovoid, or oblong. |
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(8) |
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8 (7) |
Fruit less than 1.3 cm in diam.; achenes with bristles and wings at base of ribs, unarmed at apex; bristles ca. as long as or shorter than width of achenes; perianth spreading in fruit. |
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8 C. squarrosum |
+ |
Fruit more than 1.5 cm in diam.; achenes with bristles and wings on entire rib; ca. as long as or longer than width of achenes; perianth reflexed in fruit. |
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(9) |
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9 (8) |
Fruit dark brown, subglobose; wings 1-2 mm wide. |
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7 C. colubrinum |
+ |
Fruit yellow or yellowish brown, rarely red-brown, broadly ovoid; wings 2-3 mm wide. |
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9 C. klementzii |
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10 (5) |
Fruit 1.5-3 cm in diam. |
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(11) |
+ |
Fruit less than 1.5 cm in diam. |
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(13) |
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11 (10) |
Fruit globose or subglobose, bristles dense. |
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20 C. caput-medusae |
+ |
Fruit ovoid or broadly ovoid, bristles sparse. |
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(12) |
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12 (11) |
Fruit broadly ovoid; achenes ovoid, with 2 or 3 rows of bristles per rib. |
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15 C. alashanicum |
+ |
Fruit ovoid; achenes ellipsoid, with 2 rows of bristles per rib. |
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19 C. arborescens |
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13 (10) |
Bristles slender, hair-shaped, breakable or deciduous; fruit ca. 1 mm in diam. |
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(14) |
+ |
Bristles thick, spiniform; fruit ca. 15 mm in diam. |
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(16) |
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14 (13) |
Bristles in 1 row; achenes coiled. |
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13 C. pumilum |
+ |
Bristles in 2 or 3 rows; achenes not coiled. |
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(15) |
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15 (14) |
Fruit broadly ellipsoid; perianth ovate, spreading in fruit; pedicel 1-2 mm, jointed below. |
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10 C. mongolicum |
+ |
Fruit subglobose; perianth broadly elliptic, reflexed in fruit; pedicel 2-4 mm, jointed at middle. |
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18 C. jeminaicum |
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16 (13) |
Bristles in 1 row per rib. |
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(17) |
+ |
Bristles in 2 or 3 rows per rib. |
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(18) |
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17 (16) |
Fruit ellipsoid, less than 1 mm in diam.; bristles shorter than width of achenes, branched from middle; pedicel 1-2 mm, jointed near base. |
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23 C. yengisaricum |
+ |
Fruit broadly ovoid, more than 15 mm in diam.; bristles longer than width of achenes, branched from upper portion; pedicel 3-4 mm, jointed below middle. |
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22 C. korlaense |
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18 (16) |
Bristles in 3 rows per rib. |
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(19) |
+ |
Bristles in 2 rows per rib. |
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(20) |
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19 (18) |
Fruit subglobose, broadly ellipsoid, or ellipsoid; achenes ellipsoid or broadly ellipsoid; pedicel jointed at middle. |
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12 C. chinense |
+ |
Fruit broadly ovoid or ovoid; achenes ovoid or oblong; pedicel jointed below middle. |
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16 C. trifarium |
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20 (18) |
Achenes with long beak; ribs often not prominent; bristles sparse, not enlarged at base, soft. |
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17 C. ebinuricum |
+ |
Achenes without long beak; ribs prominent; bristles dense, enlarged at base, stiff. |
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(21) |
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21 (20) |
Achenes oblong, not or slightly coiled; bristles in 2 rows at margin of rib. |
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11 C. gobicum |
+ |
Achenes broadly ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, usually coiled; bristles in 2 rows at middle of rib. |
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(22) |
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22 (21) |
Bristles slender, breakable; flowers dense. |
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14 C. zaidamense |
+ |
Bristles thick, stiff; flowers sparse. |
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21 C. roborowskii |