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17. Calligonum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 530. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5.235. 1754; Boiss., Fl. Or. 4:997. 1879; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 5: 22. 1886; R.N.Parker, For. Fl. Punj. Hazara 422. 1921 (reprint ed.); N.V.Pavlov in Kom., Fl. URSS 5: 527. 1936; D.A.Webb in Tutin et al., Fl. Europ. 1: 89. 1964; Cullen in P.H. Davis, Fl. Turk. 2: 268. 1967; Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika in Rech.f., Fl. Iran. 56: 39. 1968; Bhopal & Chaudhri in Pak. Syst. 1: 64. 1977; Mandaville, Fl. East. Saudi Arab. 106. 1990; Boulos, Fl. Egypt 1: 22. 1999; Chaudhary, Fl. Kingd. Saudi Arab. 1: 312. 1999.
Shrubs, diffusely but irregularly branched, branches flexuous. Leaves usually absent or very small, linear or filiform, distinct or united with short membranous ochreae. Flowers solitary or in loose clusters, bisexual. Perianth segments 5, subequal, reflexed or rarely spreading ± petaloid, nearly free. Stamens 10-18, connate. Carpels 4; ovary 4-angled; styles 4; stigmas 4, capitate. Fruit 4-angled nut, coiled or straight, angles usually setose beset with numerous, stiffish, filiform bristles which are often branched or variously winged. Seeds 4-angled, oblong; embryo straight.
A genus with c. 80 species, occuring in Asia, Africa and S.E. Europe. 3 species are known from Pakistan.
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| 1 |
Setae of the fruits arising on 4 pairs of longitudinal wings. Fruit 10-17 mm acorss (including setae). |
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(2) |
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Setae of the fruits not arising on well defined wings but directly from the fruit. Fruit 20-27 mm across (including setae). |
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2 C. crinitum |
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| 2 (1) |
Leaves 7-15 mm long. Flowering pedicel longer than the perianth lobes. Nut c. 10 x c. 5 mm oblong; usuallly longer than broad. |
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3 C. polygonoides |
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Leaves 1-5 mm long. Flowering pedicel usually smaller, rarely equalling the perianth lobes. Nut 7-8 x c. 3 mm fusiform, subglobose. |
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1 C. comosum |
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Lower Taxa
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